Alzheimer's disease epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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'''Trends in United states''' | '''Trends in United states''' | ||
* | * The following table outlines the general prevalence trends according to age in the United States: | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! colspan="1" rowspan="2" |Age (years) | |||
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" |All dementia per 100,000 individuals | |||
! colspan="3" rowspan="1" |Alzheimer's disease (AD) per 100,000 individuals | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Combined | |||
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Men | |||
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Women | |||
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Combined | |||
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Men | |||
! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Women | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |'''71–79''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |4970 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |525 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |4760 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |2320 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |2300 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |2330 | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |'''80–89''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |24190 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |17680 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |27840 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |18100 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |12330 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |21340 | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |'''90+''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |3720 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |44590 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |34690 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |2960 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |33890 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |28150 | |||
|- | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |'''Total''' | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |13670 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |10800 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |15530 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |9510 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |6770 | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |11290 | |||
|} | |||
=== Developed countries === | === Developed countries === | ||
| Line 83: | Line 127: | ||
|'''Age''' | |'''Age''' | ||
|'''Prevalence (All dementia)''' | |'''Prevalence (All dementia)''' | ||
'''per 100,000''' | '''per 100,000 individuals''' | ||
|'''Prevalence of Alzheimer's dementia per 100,000''' | |'''Prevalence of Alzheimer's dementia per 100,000 individuals''' | ||
|'''Causes of other dementia''' | |'''Causes of other dementia''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
Revision as of 02:44, 18 September 2017
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Overview
Alzheimer's disease is the most frequently observed form of dementia, and it typically develops in elderly patients.
Epidemiology
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia observed in the elderly; it affects almost half of all patients with dementia. Correspondingly, advancing age is the primary risk factor for the development of AD.[1] [2] An estimated 35 million people worldwide have Alzheimer's disease.
Prevalence
- The World Health Organization estimated that in 2005, 0.379% of people worldwide had dementia, and that the prevalence would increase to 0.441% in 2015 and to 0.556% in 2030[3][4]
- In 2006 it was determined that 0.40% of the world population (range: 0.17–0.89%; absolute number: 26.6 million; range: 11.4–59.4 million) were afflicted with AD, and that the prevalence rate would triple and the absolute number would quadruple by the year 2050.[5]
Trends in United states
- The following table outlines the general prevalence trends according to age in the United States:
| Age (years) | All dementia per 100,000 individuals | Alzheimer's disease (AD) per 100,000 individuals | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Combined | Men | Women | Combined | Men | Women | |
| 71–79 | 4970 | 525 | 4760 | 2320 | 2300 | 2330 |
| 80–89 | 24190 | 17680 | 27840 | 18100 | 12330 | 21340 |
| 90+ | 3720 | 44590 | 34690 | 2960 | 33890 | 28150 |
| Total | 13670 | 10800 | 15530 | 9510 | 6770 | 11290 |
Developed countries
Developing countries
- Prevalence rates in developing regions are lower[4]
- Low prevalence of dementia has been reported in India and sub-Saharan Africa
Trends in developing countries
- The following table outlines the general prevalence trends in major developing countries:
| Asia | Year | Diagnostic criteria | Age | Prevalence (All dementia)
per 100,000 individuals |
Prevalence of Alzheimer's dementia per 100,000 individuals | Causes of other dementia |
| China | 2007 | DSM-III, ICD-10 | >65 | 3100 | 2000 | Mixed, PDD, DLB,FTD |
| China (Beijing, Xian, Shanghai, Chengdu) | 2005 | DSM-IV | >65 | 5000 | 3500 | Mixed, PDD, DLB |
| Taiwan | 1995-1998 | DSM-IIIR, DSM-IV | >65 | 3200 | 1900 | Mixed |
| South Korea | 1994-2005 | DSM-III, DSM-IV | >65 | 10100 | 5200 | Mixed |
| Thailand | 2001 | DSM-III | >60 | 3400 | - | -. |
| India | 1996-2006 | DSM-III, DSM-IV | >65 | 2700 | 1300 | Mixed, PDD, DLB, PSD |
| Sri Lanka | 2003 | DSM-IV | >65 | 3980 | 2850 | Mixed |
| Israel (Wadi Ara) | 2002 | DSM-IV | >65 | 21100 | 20500 | Mixed |
| Africa
| ||||||
| Egypt | 1998 | DSM-IV | >65 | 5930 | 2860 | Mixed |
| Nigeria | 1995 | DSM-III, ICD-10 | >65 | 2300 | 1400 | Mixed, DLB |
| Latin America
| ||||||
| Cuba | 1999 | DSM-IV | >60 | 8.200 | 5100 | Mixed, alcohol dementia |
| Argentina | 1999 | DSM-IV | >65 | 11.500 | - | Age |
| Brazil | 2002-2008 | DSM-IIIR, DSM-IV | >65 | 5300 | 2700 | Mixed, PDD |
| Chile | 1997 | DSM-IIIR | >65 | 4300 | - | - |
| Colombia | 2000 | DSM-IV | >65 and >75 | 1800 | - | - |
| Peru | 2007 | DSM-IV | >65 | 6700 | - | - |
| Venezuela | 2002 | DSM-IV | >55 and >65 | 8000 | 4000 | Mixed |
Legend: PDD= Parkinson disease dementia, PSD= Post-stroke dementia, FTD= Fronto-temporal dementia, Mixed= Alzheimer's plus vascular dementia
Age
Generally, AD is diagnosed in people over 65 years of age,[6] although the less prevalent early-onset Alzheimer's can occur much earlier.
| Age | Incidence (new affected) per thousand person–years |
|---|---|
| 65–69 | 3 |
| 70–74 | 6 |
| 75–79 | 9 |
| 80–84 | 23 |
| 85–89 | 40 |
| 90– | 69 |
References
- ↑ Gorelick P (2004). "Risk factors for vascular dementia and Alzheimer disease". Stroke. 35 (11 Suppl 1): 2620–2622. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000143318.70292.47. PMID 15375299.
- ↑ Hebert L, Scherr P, Bienias J, Bennett D, Evans D (2003). "Alzheimer disease in the U.S. population: prevalence estimates using the 2000 census". Archives of Neurology. 60 (8): 1119–1122. doi:10.1001/archneur.60.8.1119. PMID 12925369.
- ↑ World Health Organization (2006). Neurological Disorders: Public Health Challenges. Switzerland: World Health Organization. pp. 204–207. ISBN 978-92-4-156336-9.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Ferri CP, Prince M, Brayne C; et al. (2005). "Global prevalence of dementia: a Delphi consensus study" (PDF). Lancet. 366 (9503): 2112–7. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67889-0. PMID 16360788. Retrieved 2008-06-13. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ 2006 prevalence estimate:
- Brookmeyer R, Johnson E, Ziegler-Graham K, MH Arrighi (2007). "Forecasting the global burden of Alzheimer's disease". Alzheimer's and Dementia. 3 (3): 186–91. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2007.04.381. Retrieved 2008-06-18. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - Template:Cite paper
- Brookmeyer R, Johnson E, Ziegler-Graham K, MH Arrighi (2007). "Forecasting the global burden of Alzheimer's disease". Alzheimer's and Dementia. 3 (3): 186–91. doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2007.04.381. Retrieved 2008-06-18. Unknown parameter
- ↑ Brookmeyer R, Gray S, Kawas C (1998). "Projections of Alzheimer's disease in the United States and the public health impact of delaying disease onset". Am J Public Health. 88 (9): 1337–42. PMC 1509089. PMID 9736873. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Bermejo-Pareja F, Benito-León J, Vega S, Medrano MJ, Román GC (2008). "Incidence and subtypes of dementia in three elderly populations of central Spain". Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 264 (1–2): 63–72. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2007.07.021. PMID 17727890. Retrieved 2012-08-15. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)