Achalasia causes: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 20:44, 5 February 2014

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Achalasia is chronic esophageal motility disorder. The most common form is primary achalasia, which has no known underlying cause. It is due to the failure of distal esophageal inhibitory neurons. However, a small proportion occurs secondary to other conditions, such as esophageal cancer or Chagas disease.

Causes

Life threatening

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. Achalasia does not have life-threatening causes.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Eosinophilic gastroenteritis, esophageal cancer, gastric carcinoma, idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction, myenteric plexus degeneration, pancreatic cancer
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	Chagas disease, HSV-1, herpes zoster, measles
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Neurofibromatosis
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Esophageal adenocarcinoma, lung carcinoma, lymphoma, pancreatic cancer, paraneoplastic syndrome
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Sarcoidosis, Juvenile Sjögren's syndrome
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Anderson-Fabry disease, Amyloidosis

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 ==Overview==
 Achalasia is chronic esophageal motility disorder.  The most common form is primary achalasia, which has no known underlying cause. It is due to the failure of distal esophageal inhibitory neurons. However, a small proportion occurs secondary to other conditions, such as [[esophageal cancer]] or [[Chagas disease]].
+==Causes==
+===Life threatening===
+Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.  Achalasia does not have life-threatening causes.
 ===Common Causes===
 *[[Chagas disease ]]
-*[[Eosinophilic gastroenteritis ]]
 *[[Gastric carcinoma]]
-*[[Herpes zooster]]
+*[[Herpes zoster]]
-*[[HSV-1]] infection
+*[[HSV-1]]
 *[[Measles virus]]
 *[[Paraneoplastic syndrome]]
@@ Line 44: / Line 45: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Endocrine'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Multiple endocrine neoplasia]], type 2B
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 52: / Line 53: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Gastroenterologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Gastric carcinoma]], [[Eosinophilic gastroenteritis]], Degeneration of [[myenteric plexus]] in [[esophagus]], Chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Eosinophilic gastroenteritis]], [[esophageal cancer]], [[gastric carcinoma]], [[idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction]], [[achalasia pathophysiology|myenteric plexus degeneration]], [[pancreatic cancer]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 68: / Line 69: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Infectious Disease'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Chagas disease]],  [[HSV-1]] infection
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Chagas disease]],  [[HSV-1]], [[herpes zoster]], [[measles]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 112: / Line 113: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Sarcoidosis]], Juvenile [[Sjögren's syndrome]] with achalasia and [[gastric]] hypersecretion
+|bgcolor="Beige"|[[Sarcoidosis]], Juvenile [[Sjögren's syndrome]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 133: / Line 134: @@
 ===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
+{{col-begin|width=80%}}
+{{col-break|width=33%}}
 *[[Amyloidosis ]]
 *[[Anderson-Fabry disease]]
 *[[Chagas disease ]]
-*Chronic idiopathic intestinal [[pseudo-obstruction ]]
-*Degeneration of [[myenteric plexus]] in [[esophagus]]
 *[[Eosinophilic gastroenteritis ]]
+*[[Esophageal cancer]],
 *[[Gastric carcinoma ]]
-*[[HSV-1]] infection
+*[[HSV-1]]
-*Increased Lower Esophageal Sphincter pressure
+*[[Idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction]]
-*Juvenile Sjögren's syndrome with achalasia and gastric hypersecretion
+*[[Juvenile Sjögren's syndrome]]
-*[[Mediastinal Mass]]
+{{col-break|width=33%}}
-*[[Multiple endocrine neoplasia]] type 2B
+*[[Lung carcinoma]],
+*[[Lymphoma]],
+*[[Mediastinal mass]]
+*[[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2]]
+*[[Achalasia pathophysiology|Myenteric plexus degeneration]]
 *[[Neurofibromatosis ]]
+*[[Pancreatic cancer]]
 *[[Paraneoplastic syndrome]]
 *[[Sarcoidosis ]]
+{{col-end}}
 ==References==