Osteoporosis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2], Raviteja Guddeti,M.B.B.S.[3]

Causes

Common Causes

• Aging
• Alcoholism
• Anorexia nervosa
• Calcium deficiency
• Chronic renal failure
• Female athlete triad
• Gonadal dysgenesis
• Hyperparathyroidism
• Hyperthyroidism
• Hypophosphatemic rickets
• Idiopathic
• Immobility
• Menopause
• Mixed connective tissue disease
• Paget's disease of bone
• Prednisolone
• Primary hypoparathyroidism

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Werner syndrome, Storm syndrome
Chemical / poisoning	Ethanol, White Phosphorus poisoning
Dermatologic	Dyskeratosis Congenita, Fontaine-Farriaux-Blanckaert syndrome, Fanconi-ichthyosis-dysmorphism, Nodulosis-arthropathy-osteolysis syndrome, Osteoporosis -- oculocutaneous -- hypopigmentation syndrome, Xylosylprotein 4-beta-galactosyltransferase (XGPT) deficiency, Tuberous sclerosis, Winchester syndrome
Drug Side Effect	Cyproterone, Exemestane, Heparin, Prednisolone
Ear Nose Throat	Eccentrochondrodysplasia, Otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia, Osteochondrodysplatic dwarfism -- deafness -- retinitis pigmentosa, Rajab-Spranger syndrome
Endocrine	Adrenal adenoma, Adrenal incidentaloma, Adrenocortical carcinoma, Andropause, Acromegaly,Aromatase deficiency, Cushing's disease, Cushing's syndrome, Diabetes Mellitus, Functioning pancreatic endocrine tumor, Gonadal dysgenesis, Hashimoto's Thyroiditis, Hyperadrenalism, Hyperparathyroidism,Hyperthyroidism, Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism -- Syndactyly, Hypopituitaryism, Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1, Oncogenic osteomalacia, Ovarian insufficiency due to FSH resistance, Primary hypoparathyroidism, Sub clinical hypothyroidism, Galactorrhoea-Hyperprolactinaemia, Prader-Willi syndrome, Ovarian insufficiency, Wolcott-Rallison syndrome
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Celiac Disease, Cholestasis, Chronic Hepatitis, Chronic Liver Disease, Crohn's disease, Cystic Fibrosis, Fanconi-Albertini-Zellweger syndrome, Haemochromatosis, Maldigestion, Primary biliary cirrhosis, Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome, Ulcerative colitis, Wilson's Disease, Wolman syndrome, Wolcott-Rallison syndrome
Genetic	Abderhalden-Kaufmann-Lignac syndrome, Acroosteolysis neurogenic, Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy, Chromosome 1, deletion q21 q25, Down Syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome - progeroid form , Geroderma osteodysplastica, Hajdu-Cheney syndrome, Hutchinson Gilford Syndrome, Hyper IgE syndrome / Job syndrome, Iridogoniodysgenesis and skeletal anomalies, Larsen syndrome, recessive type, Lobstein disease,Lockwood-Feingold syndrome, Lysinuric protein intolerance, Marfan syndrome, Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia Spahr type, Metaphyseal dysplasia Pyle type, Menkes Disease, Morquio syndrome, Osteogenesis imperfecta, Osteolysis hereditary multicentric, Osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome, Otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia,Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, recessive, acute infantile, Pena Shokeir syndrome, Prolidase deficiency, Sakati syndrome, Singleton-Merten syndrome, Sponastrime dysplasia, Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with multiple dislocations, Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with dentinogenesis imperfecta, Spondylo-ocular syndrome, Snyder-Robinson syndrome, Storm syndrome, Thick skull syndrome, Urban rogers meyer syndrome, Spinocerebellar ataxia --dysmorphism, Wolcott-Rallison syndrome
Hematologic	Alpha thalassemia, Beta thalassemia, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, Generalized mastocytosis, Hemoglobin H disease, Leukemia, Lymphoma, Multiple Myeloma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy, Boyd-Stearns syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome - progeroid form, Female athlete triad, Fanconi-ichthyosis-dysmorphism, Fontaine-Farriaux-, lanckaert syndrome, Gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia, Geroderma osteodysplastica, Hyperostosis corticalis deformans juvenilis, Hajdu-Cheney syndrome, Hyper IgE syndrome / Job syndrome, Hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia, Kaler-Garrity-Stern syndrome, Lobstein disease, Lockwood-Feingold syndrome, Osteogenesis imperfecta, Pena Shokeir syndrome, Oncogenic osteomalacia, Osteoporosis -- macrocephaly -- mental retardation -- blindness, Otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia, Osteochondrodysplatic dwarfism -- deafness -- retinitis pigmentosa, Paget's disease of bone, Pointer syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, Richieri-Costa Da Silva syndrome, Riley Shwachman syndrome, Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome, Singleton-Merten syndrome, Sponastrime dysplasia, Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with multiple dislocations, Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with dentinogenesis imperfecta, Spondylo-ocular syndrome,Shprintzen-Golberg craniosynostosis, Systemic infantile hyalinosis, Torg osteolysis syndrome, Snyder-Robinson syndrome, Thick skull syndrome, Winchester syndrome, Xylosylprotein 4-beta-galactosyltransferase (XGPT) deficiency
Neurologic	Acroosteolysis neurogenic, Brown-Sequard Syndrome, Fanconi-Albertini-Zellweger syndrome, Lactotroph adenoma, Osteopaenia -- myopia -- hearing loss -- intellectual deficit -- facial dysmorphism , Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, recessive, acute infantile, Rajab-Spranger syndrome, Snyder-Robinson syndrome, Spinocerebellar ataxia -- dysmorphism, Shprintzen-Golberg craniosynostosis , Tuberous sclerosis, Werner syndrome, Wilson's Disease
Nutritional / Metabolic	Anorexia nervosa, Calcium deficiency, Copper deficiency, Cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency, Dibasic aminoaciduria 2, Excessive Dieting, Fabry's disease, Glycerol kinase deficiency, Homocystinuria, Hyperglycerolemia - infantile form, Haemochromatosis, Hypophosphatemic rickets, Infantile sialic acid storage disorder, Lysinuric protein intolerance, Menkes Disease, Methylmalonic acidemia, Oxalosis, Peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme deficiency, Prolidase deficiency, Protein deficiency, Underweight, Vitamin C deficiency / Scurvy
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Female athlete triad, Menopause, Ovarian insufficiency, Pregnancy
Oncologic	Adrenal adenoma, Adrenal incidentaloma, Adrenocortical carcinoma, Functioning pancreatic endocrine tumor, Leukemia, Lactotroph adenoma, Lymphoma, Multiple Myeloma
Opthalmologic	Eccentrochondrodysplasia, Osteopaenia -- myopia -- hearing loss -- intellectual deficit -- facial dysmorphism, Osteoporosis -- macrocephaly -- mental retardation -- blindness, Osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome, Osteochondrodysplatic dwarfism -- deafness -- retinitis pigmentosa, Osteoporosis -- oculocutaneous -- hypopigmentation syndrome, Spondylo-ocular syndrome, Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome, Winchester syndrome, Werner syndrome
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Cystic Fibrosis
Renal / Electrolyte	Abderhalden-Kaufmann-Lignac syndrome, Chronic acidosis, Chronic hypophosphatemia, Chronic renal failure, Fanconi-ichthyosis-dysmorphism, Fanconi-Albertini-Zellweger syndrome, Kidney disease, Renal osteodystrophy, Short stature -- hyperkaliemia -- acidosis
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Ankylosing spondylitis, Dyskeratosis Congenita, Rheumatoid disease, Sarcoidosis
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Aging, Alcoholism, Athletes, Bonnet-Dechaume-Blanc syndrome, Davis syndrome, Idiopathic, Immobility, Lack of exercise, Marie-Bamberg syndrome, Mixed connective tissue disease, Orchidectomy, Postgastrectomy, Premature aging, Pseudoprogeria syndrome, Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome, Zero gravity

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Abderhalden-Kaufmann-Lignac syndrome Acromegaly Acroosteolysis neurogenic Adrenal adenoma Adrenal incidentaloma Adrenocortical carcinoma Aging Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy Alcoholism Alpha thalassemia Andropause Ankylosing spondylitis Anorexia nervosa Aromatase deficiency Athletes Beta thalassemia Bonnet-Dechaume-Blanc syndrome Boyd-Stearns syndrome Brown-Sequard Syndrome Calcium deficiency Celiac Disease Cholestasis Chromosome 1, deletion q21 q25 Chronic acidosis Chronic Hepatitis Chronic hypophosphatemia Chronic Liver Disease Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Chronic renal failure Copper deficiency Crohn's disease Cushing's disease Cushing's syndrome Cyproterone Cystathionine beta-synthase deficiency Cystic Fibrosis Davis syndrome Diabetes Mellitus Diamond-Blackfan anemia Dibasic aminoaciduria 2 Down Syndrome Dyskeratosis Congenita Eccentrochondrodysplasia Ehlers-Danlos syndrome- progeroid form Ethanol Excessive Dieting Exemestane Fabry's disease Fanconi-Albertini-Zellweger syndrome Fanconi-ichthyosis-dysmorphism Female athlete triad Fontaine-Farriaux-Blanckaert syndrome Functioning pancreatic endocrine tumor Galactorrhoea-Hyperprolactinaemia Generalized mastocytosis Geroderma osteodysplastica

Glycerol kinase deficiency Gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia Gonadal dysgenesis Haemochromatosis Hajdu-Cheney syndrome Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Hemoglobin H disease Heparin Homocystinuria Hutchinson Gilford Syndrome Hyper IgE syndrome / Job syndrome Hyperadrenalism Hyperglycerolemia - infantile form Hyperostosis corticalis deformans juvenilis Hyperparathyroidism Hyperthyroidism Hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism -- Syndactyly Hypophosphatemic rickets Hypopituitaryism Idiopathic Immobility Infantile sialic acid storage disorder Iridogoniodysgenesis and skeletal anomalies Kaler-Garrity-Stern syndrome Kidney disease Lack of exercise Lactotroph adenoma Larsen syndrome, recessive type Leukemia Lobstein disease Lockwood-Feingold syndrome Lymphoma Lysinuric protein intolerance Maldigestion Marfan syndrome Marie-Bamberg syndrome Menkes Disease Menopause Metaphyseal chondrodysplasia Spahr type Metaphyseal dysplasia Pyle type Methylmalonic acidemia Mixed connective tissue disease Morquio syndrome Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 Multiple Myeloma Nodulosis-arthropathy-osteolysis syndrome Oncogenic osteomalacia Orchidectomy Osteochondrodysplatic dwarfism -- deafness -- retinitis pigmentosa Osteogenesis imperfecta Osteolysis hereditary multicentric Osteopaenia -- myopia -- hearing loss -- intellectual deficit -- facial dysmorphism Osteoporosis -- macrocephaly -- mental retardation -- blindness Osteoporosis -- oculocutaneous -- hypopigmentation syndrome Osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome

Otospondylomegaepiphyseal dysplasia Ovarian insufficiency due to FSH resistance Ovarian insufficiency, familial Oxalosis Paget's disease of bone Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, recessive, acute infantile Pena Shokeir syndrome Peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme deficiency Pointer syndrome Postgastrectomy Prader-Willi syndrome Prednisolone Pregnancy Premature aging Primary biliary cirrhosis Primary hypoparathyroidism Prolidase deficiency Protein deficiency Pseudoprogeria syndrome Rajab-Spranger syndrome Reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome Renal osteodystrophy Rheumatoid disease Richieri-Costa Da Silva syndrome Riley Shwachman syndrome Sakati syndrome Sarcoidosis Schwartz-Jampel Syndrome Short stature -- hyperkaliemia -- acidosis Shprintzen-Golberg craniosynostosis Singleton-Merten syndrome Snyder-Robinson syndrome Spinocerebellar ataxia -- dysmorphism Sponastrime dysplasia Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia with multiple dislocations Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with dentinogenesis imperfecta Spondylo-ocular syndrome Storm syndrome Sub clinical hypothyroidism Systemic infantile hyalinosis Thick skull syndrome Torg osteolysis syndrome Tricho-hepato-enteric syndrome Tuberous sclerosis Ulcerative colitis Underweight Urban rogers meyer syndrome Vitamin C deficiency / Scurvy Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia Werner syndrome White Phosphorus poisoning Wilson's Disease Winchester syndrome Wolcott-Rallison syndrome Wolman syndrome Xylosylprotein 4-beta-galactosyltransferase (XGPT) deficiency Zero gravity

References

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