Lower gastrointestinal bleeding echocardiography and ultrasound

Lower gastrointestinal bleeding Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

Echocardiography/Ultrasound

Ultrasound can be helpful in the diagnosis of lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Transabdominal ultrasound is a non-invasive and repeatable imaging study that can be performed easily without bowel preparation. Findings on an ultrasound suggestive of lower gastrointestinal bleeding include:

Ultrasound findings of various diseases causing LGIB
Disease	Site	Gut findings	Perigut findings
Ulcerative colitis	Entire colon or left colon including rectum	Preserved stratification	Normal perigut fat
Ischaemic colitis	Descending colon	Preserved or lost stratification	Normal perigut fat
Infectious colitis	Right colon and terminal ileum	Preserved stratification	Thickening of perigut fat Enlarged lymph node
Crohn's disease	Caecum including the terminal ileum Skip lesion	Preserved or lost stratification  Focal destruction of stratification	Thickening of perigut fat Enlarged lymph node  Abscesses, fistula
Colorectal cancer	Localized	Lost stratification	Normal perigut fat
Stratification: Caused by infiltration of the submucosa by tumour or fat.