Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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[[SIADH]] must be differentiated from cerebral salt wasting, [[ adrenal insufficiency]], [[hypopituitarism]], [[hypothyroidism]], and [[psychogenic polydipsia]]<ref name="pmid27936532">{{cite journal |vauthors=Heidelbaugh JJ |title=Endocrinology Update: Hypopituitarism |journal=FP Essent |volume=451 |issue= |pages=25–30 |year=2016 |pmid=27936532 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15241506">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hammer F, Arlt W |title=[Hypopituitarism] |language=German |journal=Internist (Berl) |volume=45 |issue=7 |pages=795–811; quiz 812–3 |year=2004 |pmid=15241506 |doi=10.1007/s00108-004-1216-5 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25712898">{{cite journal |vauthors=de Fost M, Oussaada SM, Endert E, Linthorst GE, Serlie MJ, Soeters MR, DeVries JH, Bisschop PH, Fliers E |title=The water deprivation test and a potential role for the arginine vasopressin precursor copeptin to differentiate diabetes insipidus from primary polydipsia |journal=Endocr Connect |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=86–91 |year=2015 |pmid=25712898 |pmc=4401105 |doi=10.1530/EC-14-0113 |url=}}</ref> | [[SIADH]] must be differentiated from cerebral salt wasting, [[ adrenal insufficiency]], [[hypopituitarism]], [[hypothyroidism]], and [[psychogenic polydipsia]]<ref name="pmid27936532">{{cite journal |vauthors=Heidelbaugh JJ |title=Endocrinology Update: Hypopituitarism |journal=FP Essent |volume=451 |issue= |pages=25–30 |year=2016 |pmid=27936532 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15241506">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hammer F, Arlt W |title=[Hypopituitarism] |language=German |journal=Internist (Berl) |volume=45 |issue=7 |pages=795–811; quiz 812–3 |year=2004 |pmid=15241506 |doi=10.1007/s00108-004-1216-5 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid25712898">{{cite journal |vauthors=de Fost M, Oussaada SM, Endert E, Linthorst GE, Serlie MJ, Soeters MR, DeVries JH, Bisschop PH, Fliers E |title=The water deprivation test and a potential role for the arginine vasopressin precursor copeptin to differentiate diabetes insipidus from primary polydipsia |journal=Endocr Connect |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=86–91 |year=2015 |pmid=25712898 |pmc=4401105 |doi=10.1530/EC-14-0113 |url=}}</ref> | ||
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! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Differential Diagnosis}} | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 200px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Differential Diagnosis}} | ||
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! style="background: #4479BA; width: 300px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Differentiating Features}} | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 300px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Differentiating Features}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"|[[SIADH]] | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" |[[SIADH]] | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*Excessive release of [[Vasopressin|antidiuretic hormone (ADH or vasopressin)]] from the [[posterior pituitary]] gland or another source. | *Excessive release of [[Vasopressin|antidiuretic hormone (ADH or vasopressin)]] from the [[posterior pituitary]] gland or another source. | ||
*[[Hyponatremia]] | *[[Hyponatremia]] | ||
| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
*Absence of [[edema]]-inducing diseases, such as [[heart failure]], [[liver cirrhosis]], and [[nephrotic syndrome]] | *Absence of [[edema]]-inducing diseases, such as [[heart failure]], [[liver cirrhosis]], and [[nephrotic syndrome]] | ||
*Normal [[adrenal]] and [[thyroid]] function | *Normal [[adrenal]] and [[thyroid]] function | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
* [[Weight loss]] (in case of [[malignancy]]) | |||
* History of head [[trauma]] | |||
* History of medication intake | |||
* Positive [[family history]] | |||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"|[[Cerebral salt wasting syndrome]] | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" |[[Cerebral salt wasting syndrome]] | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*[[Hyponatremia]] | *[[Hyponatremia]] | ||
*Urine [[sodium]] concentration > 40 mMol/l | *Urine [[sodium]] concentration > 40 mMol/l | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*[[Hypovolemia]] | *[[Hypovolemia]] | ||
*Intracranial [[diseases]], such as: | *Intracranial [[diseases]], such as: | ||
| Line 41: | Line 44: | ||
**[[Hematoma]] | **[[Hematoma]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"|[[Adrenal insufficiency]] | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" |[[Adrenal insufficiency]] | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*[[Hyponatremia]] | *[[Hyponatremia]] | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*[[Weight loss]] | *[[Weight loss]] | ||
*Sparse [[axillary]] hair | *Sparse [[axillary]] hair | ||
| Line 57: | Line 60: | ||
*Morning low plasma [[cortisol]] | *Morning low plasma [[cortisol]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"|[[Hypopituitarism]] | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" |[[Hypopituitarism]] | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*[[Hyponatremia]] | *[[Hyponatremia]] | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
* [[Fatigue]] | * [[Fatigue]] | ||
* [[Weight loss]] | * [[Weight loss]] | ||
| Line 74: | Line 77: | ||
* [[Short stature]] in children | * [[Short stature]] in children | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;"|[[Psychogenic polydipsia]] | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" |[[Psychogenic polydipsia]] | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*[[Fluid]] overload | *[[Fluid]] overload | ||
*[[Hyponatremia]] | *[[Hyponatremia]] | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;"| | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*Defect in the [[hypothalamus]] | *Defect in the [[hypothalamus]] | ||
*[[Polyuria]] | *[[Polyuria]] | ||
Revision as of 18:29, 15 November 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]
Overview
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) must be differentiated from other causes of hyponatremia, such as cerebral salt wasting syndrome, adrenal insufficiency, hypopituitarism, and psychogenic polydipsia.
Differentiating Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone from other Diseases
SIADH must be differentiated from cerebral salt wasting, adrenal insufficiency, hypopituitarism, hypothyroidism, and psychogenic polydipsia[1][2][3]
References
- ↑ Heidelbaugh JJ (2016). "Endocrinology Update: Hypopituitarism". FP Essent. 451: 25–30. PMID 27936532.
- ↑ Hammer F, Arlt W (2004). "[Hypopituitarism]". Internist (Berl) (in German). 45 (7): 795–811, quiz 812–3. doi:10.1007/s00108-004-1216-5. PMID 15241506.
- ↑ de Fost M, Oussaada SM, Endert E, Linthorst GE, Serlie MJ, Soeters MR, DeVries JH, Bisschop PH, Fliers E (2015). "The water deprivation test and a potential role for the arginine vasopressin precursor copeptin to differentiate diabetes insipidus from primary polydipsia". Endocr Connect. 4 (2): 86–91. doi:10.1530/EC-14-0113. PMC 4401105. PMID 25712898.