Hematoma
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| Hematoma Classification and external resources | |
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| Hematoma on thigh, 6 days after a fall down stairs, 150ml of blood drained a few days later | |
| ICD-10 | T14.0 |
| DiseasesDB | 5487 |
| MeSH | D006406 |
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Ongoing Trials on Hematoma at Clinical Trials.gov Clinical Trials on Hematoma at Google
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US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Hematoma
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Overview
A hematoma, or haematoma, is a collection of blood, generally the result of hemorrhage, or, more specifically, internal bleeding. Hematomas exist as bruises (ecchymoses), but can also develop in organs. Some hematomas form into a welt-like formation that is hard to the touch, which is a sac of blood that the body creates to keep internal bleeding to a minimum. In most cases the sac of blood eventually disolves, however in some cases they may continue to grow or show no change. If the sac of blood does not disappear it may need to be surgically removed.
It is not to be confused with hemangioma which is an abnormal build up of blood vessels in the skin or internal organs.
Hematomas can gradually migrate, as the effused cells and pigment move in the connective tissue. For example, a patient who injures the base of his thumb might cause a hematoma which will slowly move all through the finger within a week. Gravity is the main determinant of this process.
Hematomas on articulations can reduce mobility of a member and present roughly the same symptoms as a fracture.
Types
- Head/brain:
- Subgaleal hematoma — between the galea aponeurosis & periosteum
- Cephalhematoma — between the periosteum & skull
- Epidural hematoma — between the skull & dura mater
- Subdural hematoma — between the dura mater & arachnoid mater
- Subarachnoid hematoma — between the arachnoid mater and pia mater (the subarachnoid space)
- Perichondral hematoma (ear)
Degrees of hematoma
- hematoma - bruise
- petechiae - hematoma less than 12 mm in diameter
- purpura - hematoma of 13 mm to 25 mm in diameter
- ecchymoses or eccymosis - hematoma of greater than 25 mm in diameter
Injuries, other than fractures, dislocations, sprains and strains (S00-T14, 850-929) | |
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| Head (head injury) and neck | Black eye - Traumatic brain injury (Concussion, Diffuse axonal injury, Cerebral contusion, Epidural hematoma, Subdural hematoma, Subarachnoid hemorrhage) |
| Thorax (chest trauma) | Traumatic aortic rupture - Pneumothorax - Hemothorax - Hemopneumothorax - Pulmonary contusion - Cardiac tamponade - Commotio cordis |
| Abdomen, lower back, lumbar spine and pelvis | Ruptured spleen |
| Shoulder and upper arm | Rotator cuff tear |
| General | Spinal cord injury - Brachial plexus lesion
Abrasion - Blister - Bruise - Hematoma Wound - Bite |
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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
