Supraventricular tachycardia causes: Difference between revisions

	Supraventricular tachycardia Microchapters
Home
Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Among the Different Types of Supraventricular Tachycardia
Differentiating Supraventricular Tachycardia from Ventricular Tachycardia
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
EKG Examples
Chest X Ray
Echocardiography
Cardiac Catheterization
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
2015 ACC/AHA Guideline Recommendations;
Acute Treatment of SVT of Unknown Mechanism
Ongoing Management of SVT of Unknown Mechanism
Ongoing Management of IST
Acute Treatment of Suspected Focal Atrial Tachycardia
Acute Treatment of Multifocal Atria Tachycardia
Ongoing Management of Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia
Acute Treatment of AVNRT
Ongoing Management of AVNRT
Acute Treatment of Orthodromic AVRT
Ongoing Management of Orthodromic AVRT
Asymptomatic Patients With Pre-Excitation
Management of Symptomatic Patients With Manifest Accessory Pathways
Acute Treatment of Atrial Flutter
Ongoing Management of Atrial Flutter
Acute Treatment of Junctional Tachycardia
Ongoing Management of Junctional Tachycardia
Acute Treatment of SVT in ACHD Patients
Ongoing Management of SVT in ACHD Patients
Acute Treatment of SVT in Pregnant Patients
Acute Treatment and Ongoing Management of SVT in Older Population
Prevention
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
Case Studies
Case #1
Supraventricular tachycardia causes On the Web
Most recent articles
Most cited articles
Review articles
CME Programs
Powerpoint slides
Images
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Supraventricular tachycardia causes All Images X-rays Echo & Ultrasound CT Images MRI
Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse
NICE Guidance
FDA on Supraventricular tachycardia causes
CDC on Supraventricular tachycardia causes
Supraventricular tachycardia causes in the news
Blogs on Supraventricular tachycardia causes
Directions to Hospitals Treating Supraventricular tachycardia
Risk calculators and risk factors for Supraventricular tachycardia causes

VisualWikitext

Revision as of 16:16, 8 April 2015

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ayokunle Olubaniyi, M.B,B.S [2]

Overview

Supraventricular tachycardia is a collective term used to describe all the tachycardias originating from the SA node, atrium and AV node. Therefore, the causes depend on the source of the pathology, and they are as follows:

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

2

Common Causes

2

Combined List of Causes in Alphabetical Order

3

Causes Based on Pathophysiologic Origin

SVTs from a Sinoatrial Source

Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia

The cause of inappropriate sinus tachycardia is unknown. It is a diagnosis of exclusion after all the specific physiological and psychological triggers of sinus tachycardia have been excluded. The diagnosis of IST is based on the presence of a persistent and recurrent sinus tachycardia on EKG that is otherwise unexplainable.

Sinus Tachycardia

Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry Tachycardia

SVTs from an Atrial Source

Focal Atrial Tachycardia

Atrial Flutter

Atrial Fibrillation

Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia

SVTs from an Atrioventricular Source

AV Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia

AV Reentrant Tachycardia

Junctional Tachycardia

References

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 Supraventricular tachycardia is a collective term used to describe all the [[Tachycardia|tachycardias]] originating from the [[SA node]], [[atrium]] and [[AV node]].  Therefore, the causes depend on the source of the pathology, and they are as follows:
+==Causes==
 ==Life Threatening Causes==
 Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
-{{col-begin|width=80%}}
+{{columns-list|2|
-{{col-break|width=33%}}
 *[[Air embolism]]
 *[[Alcoholism|Alcohol overdose]]
@@ Line 23: / Line 23: @@
 *[[Electric shock]]
 *[[Fat embolism]]
-{{col-break|width=33%}}
 *[[Hypoglycemia]]
 *[[Hypokalemia]]
@@ Line 37: / Line 36: @@
 *[[Tension pneumothorax]]
 *[[Tricyclic antidepressant overdose]]
-{{col-end}}
+}}
 ==Common Causes==
-{{col-begin|width=80%}}
+{{columns-list|2|
-{{col-break|width=33%}}
 *[[Alcoholism|Alcohol overdose]]
 *[[Alcohol withdrawal]]
@@ Line 56: / Line 54: @@
 *[[Heart failure]]
 *[[Hypertensive heart disease]]
-{{col-break|width=33%}}
 *[[Hyperthyroidism]]
 *[[Hypoglycemia]]
@@ Line 71: / Line 68: @@
 *[[Sepsis]]
 *[[Tricyclic antidepressant overdose]]
-{{col-end}}
+}}
+==Combined List of Causes in Alphabetical Order==
+{{columns-list|3|
+*[[Air embolism]]
+*[[Albuterol]]
+*[[Alcoholism|Alcohol overdose]]
+*[[Alcohol withdrawal]]
+*[[Alprazolam]]
+*[[Aminophylline|Aminophylline toxicity]]
+*[[Amiodarone]]
+*[[Amoebiasis]]
+*[[Amphetamines]]
+*[[Amrinone]]
+*[[Amyloidosis]]
+*[[Anemia]]
+*[[Ankylosing spondylitis]]
+*[[Anxiety]]
+*[[Aortic regurgitation]]
+*[[Aortic stenosis]]
+*[[Arteriovenous fistula]]
+*[[Atomoxetine]]
+*[[atrial infarction|Atrial ischemia]]
+*[[Atrial myxoma]]
+*[[Atrial septal defect]]
+*[[Atropine]]
+*[[Beta blockers]]
+*[[Binge drinking]]
+*[[Breath spray]]
+*[[Bronchogenic carcinoma]]
+*[[Bulimia nervosa]]
+*[[Caffeine]]
+*[[Carbamazepine#Adverse effects|Carbamazepine poisoning]]
+*[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
+*[[Commotio cordis|Cardiac injury from blunt trauma]]
+*[[Cardiac surgery]]
+*[[Cardiac tamponade]]
+*[[Cardiac transplantation]]
+*[[Cardiac tumors]]
+*[[Cardiomyopathy]]
+*[[The heart in Chagas' disease|Chagas heart disease]]
+*[[Channelopaties]]
+*[[Chronic kidney disease]]
+*[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
+*[[Chronic renal failure]]
+*[[Cimetidine]]
+*[[Clonidine]]
+*[[Cocaine|Cocaine overdose]]
+*[[Collagen vascular disease]]
+*[[Congestive heart failure]]
+*[[Conivaptan]]
+*[[Constrictive pericarditis]]
+*[[Coronary artery bypass graft surgery]]
+*[[Coronary artery disease]]
+*[[Crohn's disease]]
+*[[Cyanide]]
+*[[Dehydration]]
+*[[Diabetes mellitus]]
+*[[Diabetic neuropathy|Diabetic autonomic neuropathy]]
+*[[Diazoxide]]
+*[[Cyanide poisoning#Treatment of poisoning and antidotes|Dicobalt edetate]]
+*[[Digitalis toxicity]]
+*[[Dilated cardiomyopathy]]
+*[[Diltiazem]]
+*[[Diphtheria]]
+*[[Disopyramide]]
+*[[Dobutamine]]
+*[[Docetaxel]]
+*[[Dopexamine]]
+*[[Doxapram]]
+*[[Doxorubicin]]
+*[[Drowning]]
+*[[Ebstein's anomaly]]
+*[[Electric shock]]
+*[[Electrolyte disturbance]]
+*[[Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy]]
+*[[Emphysema]]
+*[[Endocarditis]]
+*[[Ephedrine]]
+*[[Epirubicin]]
+*[[Familial atrial fibrillation ]]
+*[[Familial atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia]]
+*[[Fat embolism]]
+*[[Fatigue]]
+*[[Fentanyl]]
+*[[Fever]]
+*[[Flecainide]]
+*[[Flumazenil]]
+*[[Fluvoxamine]]
+*[[Grayanotoxin]]
+*[[Guanethidine]]
+*[[Guillain-Barré syndrome]]
+*[[Heart bypass surgery]]
+*[[Heart failure]]
+*[[Hemochromatosis]]
+*[[Hexamethonium]]
+*[[Holiday heart syndrome]]
+*[[Hydralazine]]
+*[[Hypercapnia]]
+*[[Hypertensive heart disease]]
+*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
+*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
+*[[Hypervitaminosis D]]
+*[[Hypoglycemia]]
+*[[Hypokalemia]]
+*[[Hypomagnesemia]]
+*[[Hypotension]]
+*[[Hypothermia]]
+*[[Hypothyroidism]]
+*[[Hypoxia]]
+*[[Ibutilide]]
+*[[Catheter ablation|Incomplete ablation procedures]]
+*[[Ischemic heart disease]]
+*[[Isoprenaline]]
+*[[Isoproterenol|Isoproterenol infusion]]
+*[[The heart in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis#3. Systemic onset of juvenile idiopathic arthritis|Juvenile idiopathic arthritis]]
+*[[Kawasaki disease]]
+*[[Left ventricular hypertrophy]]
+*[[Leptospirosis]]
+*[[Lithium]]
+*[[Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome]]
+*[[Long QT Syndrome classification#LQT4|LQT type 4]]
+*[[Lung cancer]]
+*[[Lutembacher syndrome]]
+*[[Lyme disease]]
+*[[Mahaim fibers|Mahaim fiber tachycardia]]
+*[[Malignant hyperthermia]]
+*[[Mercury poisoning]]
+*[[Methamphetamines]]
+*[[Methyldopa]]
+*[[Methylphenidate]]
+*[[Methysergide]]
+*[[Minoxidil]]
+*[[Mitral regurgitation]]
+*[[Mitral valve stenosis]]
+*[[Muscular dystrophy]]
+*[[Myocardial infarction]]
+*[[Myocarditis]]
+*[[Myotonic dystrophy]]
+*[[Nelarabine]]
+*[[Coxsackie A virus#Diseases|Neonatal coxsackie myocarditis]]
+*[[Nicotine]]
+*[[Hydrops fetalis|Nonimmune hydrops fetalis]]
+*[[Obstructive sleep apnea]]
+*[[Open heart surgery]]
+*[[Orlistat]]
+*[[Pain]]
+*[[Palonosetron]]
+*[[Panic disorder]]
+*[[Paroxetine]]
+*[[Pericarditis]]
+*[[Peripartum cardiomyopathy]]
+*[[Phenoxybenzamine]]
+*[[Phentolamine]]
+*[[Pheochromocytoma]]
+*[[Pneumonia]]
+*[[Pneumonia]]
+*[[Pneumonia]]
+*[[Porfimer sodium]]
+*[[Cardiac surgery|Post cardiac surgery]]
+*[[Postoperative complication]]
+*[[Pramipexole]]
+*[[Pregnancy]]
+*[[Procainamide]]
+*[[Propafenone]]
+*[[Psoriatic arthritis]]
+*[[Psychological stress]]
+*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
+*[[Pulmonary hypertension]]
+*[[Quinidine]]
+*[[Ramucirumab]]
+*[[Reactive arthritis]]
+*[[Renal insufficiency]]
+*[[Reserpine]]
+*[[Rheumatic fever]]
+*[[Rheumatic heart disease]]
+*[[Ritodrine]]
+*[[Romidepsin]]
+*[[Salbutamol]]
+*[[Salicylate poisoning]]
+*[[Salmeterol]]
+*[[Salmonella|Salmonella typhosa]]
+*[[Sarcoidosis]]
+*[[Sargramostim]]
+*[[Scleroderma]]
+*[[Sepsis]]
+*[[Shock]]
+*[[Sibutramine]]
+*[[Sick sinus syndrome]]
+*[[Spondyloarthritis]]
+*[[Stress]]
+*[[Stroke]]
+*[[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]]
+*[[Surgery]]
+*[[Temporary cardiac pacing]]
+*[[Tension pneumothorax]]
+*[[Theophylline]]
+*[[Thyrotoxicosis]]
+*[[Trichinosis ]]
+*[[Tricuspid regurgitation]]
+*[[Tricuspid stenosis]]
+*[[Tricyclic antidepressant overdose]]
+*[[Trimethaphan]]
+*[[Antiarrhythmic agent#Class Ia agents|Type Ia antiarrhythmic agents]]
+*[[Antiarrhythmic agent#Class Ic agents|Type Ic antiarrhythmic agents]]
+*[[Antiarrhythmic agent#Class III agents|Type III antiarrhythmic agents]]
+*[[Ulcerative colitis]]
+*[[Unstable angina]]
+*[[Uremic pericarditis]]
+*[[Valvular heart disease]]
+*[[Verapamil]]
+*[[Viral infections]]
+*[[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]
+}}
 ==Causes Based on Pathophysiologic Origin==
@@ Line 411: / Line 621: @@
 *[[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]
 {{col-end}}
-==Combined List of Causes in Alphabetical Order==
-{{columns-list|3|
-*[[Air embolism]]
-*[[Albuterol]]
-*[[Alcoholism|Alcohol overdose]]
-*[[Alcohol withdrawal]]
-*[[Alprazolam]]
-*[[Aminophylline|Aminophylline toxicity]]
-*[[Amiodarone]]
-*[[Amoebiasis]]
-*[[Amphetamines]]
-*[[Amrinone]]
-*[[Amyloidosis]]
-*[[Anemia]]
-*[[Ankylosing spondylitis]]
-*[[Anxiety]]
-*[[Aortic regurgitation]]
-*[[Aortic stenosis]]
-*[[Arteriovenous fistula]]
-*[[Atomoxetine]]
-*[[atrial infarction|Atrial ischemia]]
-*[[Atrial myxoma]]
-*[[Atrial septal defect]]
-*[[Atropine]]
-*[[Beta blockers]]
-*[[Binge drinking]]
-*[[Breath spray]]
-*[[Bronchogenic carcinoma]]
-*[[Bulimia nervosa]]
-*[[Caffeine]]
-*[[Carbamazepine#Adverse effects|Carbamazepine poisoning]]
-*[[Carbon monoxide poisoning]]
-*[[Commotio cordis|Cardiac injury from blunt trauma]]
-*[[Cardiac surgery]]
-*[[Cardiac tamponade]]
-*[[Cardiac transplantation]]
-*[[Cardiac tumors]]
-*[[Cardiomyopathy]]
-*[[The heart in Chagas' disease|Chagas heart disease]]
-*[[Channelopaties]]
-*[[Chronic kidney disease]]
-*[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
-*[[Chronic renal failure]]
-*[[Cimetidine]]
-*[[Clonidine]]
-*[[Cocaine|Cocaine overdose]]
-*[[Collagen vascular disease]]
-*[[Congestive heart failure]]
-*[[Conivaptan]]
-*[[Constrictive pericarditis]]
-*[[Coronary artery bypass graft surgery]]
-*[[Coronary artery disease]]
-*[[Crohn's disease]]
-*[[Cyanide]]
-*[[Dehydration]]
-*[[Diabetes mellitus]]
-*[[Diabetic neuropathy|Diabetic autonomic neuropathy]]
-*[[Diazoxide]]
-*[[Cyanide poisoning#Treatment of poisoning and antidotes|Dicobalt edetate]]
-*[[Digitalis toxicity]]
-*[[Dilated cardiomyopathy]]
-*[[Diltiazem]]
-*[[Diphtheria]]
-*[[Disopyramide]]
-*[[Dobutamine]]
-*[[Docetaxel]]
-*[[Dopexamine]]
-*[[Doxapram]]
-*[[Doxorubicin]]
-*[[Drowning]]
-*[[Ebstein's anomaly]]
-*[[Electric shock]]
-*[[Electrolyte disturbance]]
-*[[Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy]]
-*[[Emphysema]]
-*[[Endocarditis]]
-*[[Ephedrine]]
-*[[Epirubicin]]
-*[[Familial atrial fibrillation ]]
-*[[Familial atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia]]
-*[[Fat embolism]]
-*[[Fatigue]]
-*[[Fentanyl]]
-*[[Fever]]
-*[[Flecainide]]
-*[[Flumazenil]]
-*[[Fluvoxamine]]
-*[[Grayanotoxin]]
-*[[Guanethidine]]
-*[[Guillain-Barré syndrome]]
-*[[Heart bypass surgery]]
-*[[Heart failure]]
-*[[Hemochromatosis]]
-*[[Hexamethonium]]
-*[[Holiday heart syndrome]]
-*[[Hydralazine]]
-*[[Hypercapnia]]
-*[[Hypertensive heart disease]]
-*[[Hyperthyroidism]]
-*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]]
-*[[Hypervitaminosis D]]
-*[[Hypoglycemia]]
-*[[Hypokalemia]]
-*[[Hypomagnesemia]]
-*[[Hypotension]]
-*[[Hypothermia]]
-*[[Hypothyroidism]]
-*[[Hypoxia]]
-*[[Ibutilide]]
-*[[Catheter ablation|Incomplete ablation procedures]]
-*[[Ischemic heart disease]]
-*[[Isoprenaline]]
-*[[Isoproterenol|Isoproterenol infusion]]
-*[[The heart in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis#3. Systemic onset of juvenile idiopathic arthritis|Juvenile idiopathic arthritis]]
-*[[Kawasaki disease]]
-*[[Left ventricular hypertrophy]]
-*[[Leptospirosis]]
-*[[Lithium]]
-*[[Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome]]
-*[[Long QT Syndrome classification#LQT4|LQT type 4]]
-*[[Lung cancer]]
-*[[Lutembacher syndrome]]
-*[[Lyme disease]]
-*[[Mahaim fibers|Mahaim fiber tachycardia]]
-*[[Malignant hyperthermia]]
-*[[Mercury poisoning]]
-*[[Methamphetamines]]
-*[[Methyldopa]]
-*[[Methylphenidate]]
-*[[Methysergide]]
-*[[Minoxidil]]
-*[[Mitral regurgitation]]
-*[[Mitral valve stenosis]]
-*[[Muscular dystrophy]]
-*[[Myocardial infarction]]
-*[[Myocarditis]]
-*[[Myotonic dystrophy]]
-*[[Nelarabine]]
-*[[Coxsackie A virus#Diseases|Neonatal coxsackie myocarditis]]
-*[[Nicotine]]
-*[[Hydrops fetalis|Nonimmune hydrops fetalis]]
-*[[Obstructive sleep apnea]]
-*[[Open heart surgery]]
-*[[Orlistat]]
-*[[Pain]]
-*[[Palonosetron]]
-*[[Panic disorder]]
-*[[Paroxetine]]
-*[[Pericarditis]]
-*[[Peripartum cardiomyopathy]]
-*[[Phenoxybenzamine]]
-*[[Phentolamine]]
-*[[Pheochromocytoma]]
-*[[Pneumonia]]
-*[[Pneumonia]]
-*[[Pneumonia]]
-*[[Porfimer sodium]]
-*[[Cardiac surgery|Post cardiac surgery]]
-*[[Postoperative complication]]
-*[[Pramipexole]]
-*[[Pregnancy]]
-*[[Procainamide]]
-*[[Propafenone]]
-*[[Psoriatic arthritis]]
-*[[Psychological stress]]
-*[[Pulmonary embolism]]
-*[[Pulmonary hypertension]]
-*[[Quinidine]]
-*[[Ramucirumab]]
-*[[Reactive arthritis]]
-*[[Renal insufficiency]]
-*[[Reserpine]]
-*[[Rheumatic fever]]
-*[[Rheumatic heart disease]]
-*[[Ritodrine]]
-*[[Romidepsin]]
-*[[Salbutamol]]
-*[[Salicylate poisoning]]
-*[[Salmeterol]]
-*[[Salmonella|Salmonella typhosa]]
-*[[Sarcoidosis]]
-*[[Sargramostim]]
-*[[Scleroderma]]
-*[[Sepsis]]
-*[[Shock]]
-*[[Sibutramine]]
-*[[Sick sinus syndrome]]
-*[[Spondyloarthritis]]
-*[[Stress]]
-*[[Stroke]]
-*[[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]]
-*[[Surgery]]
-*[[Temporary cardiac pacing]]
-*[[Tension pneumothorax]]
-*[[Theophylline]]
-*[[Thyrotoxicosis]]
-*[[Trichinosis ]]
-*[[Tricuspid regurgitation]]
-*[[Tricuspid stenosis]]
-*[[Tricyclic antidepressant overdose]]
-*[[Trimethaphan]]
-*[[Antiarrhythmic agent#Class Ia agents|Type Ia antiarrhythmic agents]]
-*[[Antiarrhythmic agent#Class Ic agents|Type Ic antiarrhythmic agents]]
-*[[Antiarrhythmic agent#Class III agents|Type III antiarrhythmic agents]]
-*[[Ulcerative colitis]]
-*[[Unstable angina]]
-*[[Uremic pericarditis]]
-*[[Valvular heart disease]]
-*[[Verapamil]]
-*[[Viral infections]]
-*[[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]
-}}
 ==References==