Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung echocardiography or ultrasound: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
On endobronchial and endoscopic ultrasound, characteristic findings of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, include: enlarged lymph nodes and local invasion to adjacent bronchial structures and mediastinum. Endobronchial ultrasound is a first-line diagnostic modality for mediastinal staging. | On endobronchial and endoscopic ultrasound, characteristic findings of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, include: enlarged [[Lymph node|lymph nodes]] and local invasion to adjacent [[bronchial]] structures and [[mediastinum]]. Endobronchial ultrasound is a first-line diagnostic modality for mediastinal staging. | ||
==Ultrasound== | ==Ultrasound== | ||
*Endobronchial ultrasound is a first-line diagnostic modality for mediastinal staging.<ref name="pmid24484269">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kinsey CM, Arenberg DA |title=Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for non-small cell lung cancer staging |journal=Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. |volume=189 |issue=6 |pages=640–9 |year=2014 |pmid=24484269 |doi=10.1164/rccm.201311-2007CI |url=}}</ref> | *Endobronchial ultrasound is a first-line diagnostic modality for mediastinal staging.<ref name="pmid24484269">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kinsey CM, Arenberg DA |title=Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for non-small cell lung cancer staging |journal=Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. |volume=189 |issue=6 |pages=640–9 |year=2014 |pmid=24484269 |doi=10.1164/rccm.201311-2007CI |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Common features of endobronchial ultrasound, include: <ref name="cancer">Tests for non-small cell lung cancer. American Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/lungcancer-non-smallcell/detailedguide/non-small-cell-lung-cancer-diagnosis Accessed on February 25, 2016</ref> | *Common features of endobronchial ultrasound, include: <ref name="cancer">Tests for non-small cell lung cancer. American Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/lungcancer-non-smallcell/detailedguide/non-small-cell-lung-cancer-diagnosis Accessed on February 25, 2016</ref> | ||
:*Evaluation of lymph nodes and other structures in the mediastinum | :*Evaluation of [[lymph nodes]] and other structures in the [[mediastinum]] | ||
:*Mediastinum invasion staging | :*[[Mediastinum]] invasion staging | ||
:*Determination of management strategy | :*Determination of management strategy | ||
:*Real time evaluation of structures | :*Real time evaluation of structures | ||
:*Sensitivity 90% and specificity of 97% | :*Sensitivity 90% and specificity of 97% | ||
*On ultrasound (endobronchial ultrasound), characteristic findings of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, include: <ref name="pmid17296659">{{cite journal |vauthors=Micames CG, McCrory DC, Pavey DA, Jowell PS, Gress FG |title=Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for non-small cell lung cancer staging: A systematic review and metaanalysis |journal=Chest |volume=131 |issue=2 |pages=539–48|date=February 2007 |pmid=17296659|doi=10.1378/chest.06-1437|url=http://www.chestjournal.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/539}}</ref><ref name="pmid17589301">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kim ES, Bosquée L |title=The importance of accurate lymph node staging in early and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: an update on available techniques |journal=J Thorac Oncol |volume=2 Suppl 2 |issue= |pages=S59–67 |date=June 2007 |pmid=17589301 |doi=10.1097/01.JTO.0000269738.13586.fd |url=}}</ref><ref name="Wiersema">Wiersema M et al. Real-time endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of a mediastinal lymph node. Gastrointest Endosc 1993, 39(3):429-431</ref> | *On ultrasound (endobronchial ultrasound), characteristic findings of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, include: <ref name="pmid17296659">{{cite journal |vauthors=Micames CG, McCrory DC, Pavey DA, Jowell PS, Gress FG |title=Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for non-small cell lung cancer staging: A systematic review and metaanalysis |journal=Chest |volume=131 |issue=2 |pages=539–48|date=February 2007 |pmid=17296659|doi=10.1378/chest.06-1437|url=http://www.chestjournal.org/cgi/content/full/131/2/539}}</ref><ref name="pmid17589301">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kim ES, Bosquée L |title=The importance of accurate lymph node staging in early and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: an update on available techniques |journal=J Thorac Oncol |volume=2 Suppl 2 |issue= |pages=S59–67 |date=June 2007 |pmid=17589301 |doi=10.1097/01.JTO.0000269738.13586.fd |url=}}</ref><ref name="Wiersema">Wiersema M et al. Real-time endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of a mediastinal lymph node. Gastrointest Endosc 1993, 39(3):429-431</ref> | ||
:*Enlarged lymph nodes | :*[[Lymphadenopathy|Enlarged lymph nodes]] | ||
:*Local invasion to adjacent bronchial structures and mediastinum | :*Local invasion to adjacent bronchial structures and [[mediastinum]] | ||
* The table below summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of both ultrasound modalities, for the diagnostic assessment of non-small cell lung cancer.<ref name="pmid18252884">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wallace MB, Pascual JM, Raimondo M, etal |title=Minimally invasive endoscopic staging of suspected lung cancer |journal=JAMA |volume=299 |issue=5 |pages=540–6 |date=February 2008 |pmid=18252884 |doi=10.1001/jama.299.5.540 |url=}}</ref><ref name="Singh">Singh P et al. Endoscopic ultrasound as a first test for diagnosis and staging of lung cancer: a prospective study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007, 175(4):345-354.</ref><ref name="Cerfolio">Cerfolio R, Bryant A, Ojha B: Restaging patients with N2 (stage IIIa) non-small cell lung cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a prospective study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006, 131(6):1229-1235</ref><ref name="Yasufuku">Yasufuku K et al. Endobronchial ultrasonography: current status and future directions. J Thorac Oncol 2007, 2(10):970-979.</ref> | * The table below summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of both ultrasound modalities, for the diagnostic assessment of non-small cell lung cancer.<ref name="pmid18252884">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wallace MB, Pascual JM, Raimondo M, etal |title=Minimally invasive endoscopic staging of suspected lung cancer |journal=JAMA |volume=299 |issue=5 |pages=540–6 |date=February 2008 |pmid=18252884 |doi=10.1001/jama.299.5.540 |url=}}</ref><ref name="Singh">Singh P et al. Endoscopic ultrasound as a first test for diagnosis and staging of lung cancer: a prospective study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007, 175(4):345-354.</ref><ref name="Cerfolio">Cerfolio R, Bryant A, Ojha B: Restaging patients with N2 (stage IIIa) non-small cell lung cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a prospective study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006, 131(6):1229-1235</ref><ref name="Yasufuku">Yasufuku K et al. Endobronchial ultrasonography: current status and future directions. J Thorac Oncol 2007, 2(10):970-979.</ref> | ||
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| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" | Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" | Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*Direct visualization of lymph node stations. | *Direct visualization of [[lymph node]] stations. | ||
*Complements endoscopic ultrasound: covers lymph node stations 2R and 4R which are difficult to access by endoscopic ultrasound | *Complements [[endoscopic ultrasound]]: covers lymph node stations 2R and 4R which are difficult to access by endoscopic ultrasound | ||
*Lower false-negative rate than with blind transbronchial fine needle aspiration and fewer complications | *Lower false-negative rate than with blind transbronchial [[Needle aspiration biopsy|fine needle aspiration]] and fewer complications | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*More invasive than endoscopic ultrasound, few practitioners, but rapidly growing in popularity | *More [[invasive]] than [[endoscopic ultrasound]], few practitioners, but rapidly growing in popularity | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" | [[Endoscopic ultrasound]] (EUS) | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold; text-align:center;" | [[Endoscopic ultrasound]] (EUS) | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*Least invasive modality | *Least invasive modality | ||
*Uses the esophagus to access mediastinal lymph nodes | *Uses the [[esophagus]] to access [[Mediastinal lymph node|mediastinal lymph nodes]] | ||
*Excellent for staging lymph nodes | *Excellent for staging [[Lymph node|lymph nodes]] | ||
*Useful for station 2L and 4L, L adrenal, celiac lymph node | *Useful for station 2L and 4L, L [[adrenal]], [[celiac]] [[lymph node]] | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" | | ||
*Cannot reliably access right sided paratracheal lymph node stations 2 R and 4R | *Cannot reliably access right sided [[Paratracheal lymph nodes|paratracheal lymph node]] stations 2 R and 4R | ||
*Accurate discrimination of primary hilar tumors and involved lymph nodes is important | *Accurate discrimination of primary [[Hilum|hilar]] tumors and involved [[lymph nodes]] is important | ||
|} | |} | ||
Latest revision as of 02:26, 29 April 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Overview
On endobronchial and endoscopic ultrasound, characteristic findings of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, include: enlarged lymph nodes and local invasion to adjacent bronchial structures and mediastinum. Endobronchial ultrasound is a first-line diagnostic modality for mediastinal staging.
Ultrasound
- Endobronchial ultrasound is a first-line diagnostic modality for mediastinal staging.[1]
- Common features of endobronchial ultrasound, include: [2]
- Evaluation of lymph nodes and other structures in the mediastinum
- Mediastinum invasion staging
- Determination of management strategy
- Real time evaluation of structures
- Sensitivity 90% and specificity of 97%
- On ultrasound (endobronchial ultrasound), characteristic findings of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, include: [3][4][5]
- Enlarged lymph nodes
- Local invasion to adjacent bronchial structures and mediastinum
- The table below summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of both ultrasound modalities, for the diagnostic assessment of non-small cell lung cancer.[6][7][8][9]
Procedure | Advantages | Disadvantages |
---|---|---|
Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) |
|
|
Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) |
|
|
Gallery
-
Doppler endoscopic ultrasound: mediastinal lymph node via, en.wikipedia.org[10]
-
Endoscopic ultrasound: A biopsy window is found and an fine needle aspiration advanced into the massvia, en.wikipedia.org[11]
-
Endoscopic ultrasound: A lung mass which is partially behind the aorta is seen with endoscopic ultrasound, via Wikimedia Commons[12]
References
- ↑ Kinsey CM, Arenberg DA (2014). "Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for non-small cell lung cancer staging". Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 189 (6): 640–9. doi:10.1164/rccm.201311-2007CI. PMID 24484269.
- ↑ Tests for non-small cell lung cancer. American Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/lungcancer-non-smallcell/detailedguide/non-small-cell-lung-cancer-diagnosis Accessed on February 25, 2016
- ↑ Micames CG, McCrory DC, Pavey DA, Jowell PS, Gress FG (February 2007). "Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration for non-small cell lung cancer staging: A systematic review and metaanalysis". Chest. 131 (2): 539–48. doi:10.1378/chest.06-1437. PMID 17296659.
- ↑ Kim ES, Bosquée L (June 2007). "The importance of accurate lymph node staging in early and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: an update on available techniques". J Thorac Oncol. 2 Suppl 2: S59–67. doi:10.1097/01.JTO.0000269738.13586.fd. PMID 17589301.
- ↑ Wiersema M et al. Real-time endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of a mediastinal lymph node. Gastrointest Endosc 1993, 39(3):429-431
- ↑ Wallace MB, Pascual JM, Raimondo M, et al. (February 2008). "Minimally invasive endoscopic staging of suspected lung cancer". JAMA. 299 (5): 540–6. doi:10.1001/jama.299.5.540. PMID 18252884.
- ↑ Singh P et al. Endoscopic ultrasound as a first test for diagnosis and staging of lung cancer: a prospective study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2007, 175(4):345-354.
- ↑ Cerfolio R, Bryant A, Ojha B: Restaging patients with N2 (stage IIIa) non-small cell lung cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: a prospective study. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2006, 131(6):1229-1235
- ↑ Yasufuku K et al. Endobronchial ultrasonography: current status and future directions. J Thorac Oncol 2007, 2(10):970-979.
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Eus_doppler_mediastinal_lymph_node.JPG#file
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Lul_mass_linear_eus_1.jpg
- ↑ href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Ktg_usa" class="extiw" title="en:User:Ktg usa">Ktg usa</a> at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="en:">English language Wikipedia</a> [<a href="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html">GFDL</a> or <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">CC-BY-SA-3.0</a>], <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ALul_mass_radial_eus.jpg">