Duchenne muscular dystrophy MRI: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
 
[[Lower limb]] [[MRI]] may be helpful in the diagnosis of Duchenne [[muscular dystrophy]]. Findings on [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] suggestive of Duchenne [[muscular dystrophy]] include high T1-weighted signal in affected [[muscles]].
There are no MRI findings associated with [disease name].
 
OR
 
[Location] MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of [disease name]. Findings on MRI suggestive of/diagnostic of [disease name] include [finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
 
OR
 
There are no MRI findings associated with [disease name]. However, a MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of complications of [disease name], which include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].


==MRI==
==MRI==


Lower limb MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Findings on MRI suggestive of Duchenne muscular dystrophy include:<ref name="SchreiberSmith1987">{{cite journal|last1=Schreiber|first1=A.|last2=Smith|first2=W. L.|last3=Ionasescu|first3=V.|last4=Zellweger|first4=H.|last5=Franken|first5=E. A.|last6=Dunn|first6=V.|last7=Ehrhardt|first7=J.|title=Magnetic resonance imaging of children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy|journal=Pediatric Radiology|volume=17|issue=6|year=1987|pages=495–497|issn=0301-0449|doi=10.1007/BF02388288}}</ref>
[[Lower limb]] [[MRI]] may be helpful in the diagnosis of Duchenne [[muscular dystrophy]]. Findings on [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] suggestive of Duchenne [[muscular dystrophy]] include:<ref name="SchreiberSmith1987">{{cite journal|last1=Schreiber|first1=A.|last2=Smith|first2=W. L.|last3=Ionasescu|first3=V.|last4=Zellweger|first4=H.|last5=Franken|first5=E. A.|last6=Dunn|first6=V.|last7=Ehrhardt|first7=J.|title=Magnetic resonance imaging of children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy|journal=Pediatric Radiology|volume=17|issue=6|year=1987|pages=495–497|issn=0301-0449|doi=10.1007/BF02388288}}</ref>
*High T1-weighted signal in affected muscles such as:
*High T1-weighted signal in affected [[muscles]] such as:
**Gastrocnemii muscles
**[[Gastrocnemius muscle|Gastrocnemius]]
**Gluteus maximus
**[[Gluteus maximus]]
**Gluteus medius
**[[Gluteus medius]]
**Adductor magnus muscles
**[[Adductor magnus]]
**Psoas
**[[Psoas]]
**Iliacus
**[[Iliacus]]
**Quadriceps
**[[Quadriceps]]
**Rectus femoris
**[[Rectus femoris]]
**Biceps femoris
**[[Biceps femoris]]
**Peroneus longus
**[[Peroneus longus]]
**Soleus muscles  
**[[Soleus muscle|Soleus muscles]]
MRI rating scale


{|
[[File:Duchenne-muscular-dystrophy.jpg|500px|none|thumb|Case courtesy of Kathryn Kinser, <a href="https://radiopaedia.org/">Radiopaedia.org</a>. From the case <a href="https://radiopaedia.org/cases/66153">rID: 66153</a>]]
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Subtypes
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Explanation
|-
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN)
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
* The most common type (85-90%).
* Prior infection can trigger it.
* [[Autoimmune disorder]].
* The target is [[schwann cell]] surface membrane or the [[myelin]].
* Causes [[demyelination]].
* In electrodiagnostic tests we can see slowing of nerve conduction.
* In pathology we can see [[Lymphocyte|lymphocytic]] infiltration of peripheral nerves and [[macrophage]] invasion of [[myelin sheath]] and [[Schwann cell|schwann cells]].
|-
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN)
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
* It’s common among Chinese and Japanese people.
* It can be triggered by C. jejuni.
* It is associated with anti[[ganglioside]] [[antibodies]].
* [[Autoimmunity|Autoimmune]] disorder.
* Target is [[Axon|axonal]] membrane.
* Causes [[Axon|axonal]] degeneration in [[Motor neuron|motor neurons]].
* In electrodiagnostic study we can see reduction of compound muscle [[action potential]].
|-
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
* The incidence rate is under 10%.
* Causes [[Axon|axonal]] [[degeneration]].
* It is similar with [[Acute motor axonal neuropathy|AMAN]] but involves both motor and sensory [[Axon|axons]].
|-
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Miller Fisher syndrome
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
* Causes a clinical triad: [[ophthalmoplegia]], [[ataxia]] and [[areflexia]].
* Associated with [[ganglioside]] GQ1b [[antibody]].
|}


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 15:23, 15 May 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.

Overview

Lower limb MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Findings on MRI suggestive of Duchenne muscular dystrophy include high T1-weighted signal in affected muscles.

MRI

Lower limb MRI may be helpful in the diagnosis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Findings on MRI suggestive of Duchenne muscular dystrophy include:[1]

Case courtesy of Kathryn Kinser, <a href="https://radiopaedia.org/">Radiopaedia.org</a>. From the case <a href="https://radiopaedia.org/cases/66153">rID: 66153</a>

References

  1. Schreiber, A.; Smith, W. L.; Ionasescu, V.; Zellweger, H.; Franken, E. A.; Dunn, V.; Ehrhardt, J. (1987). "Magnetic resonance imaging of children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy". Pediatric Radiology. 17 (6): 495–497. doi:10.1007/BF02388288. ISSN 0301-0449.

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