Sodium acetrizoate

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Sodium acetrizoate
File:Sodium acetrizoate.svg
Clinical data
ATC code
Identifiers
CAS Number
PubChem CID
E number{{#property:P628}}
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Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H5I3NNaO3
Molar mass578.844 g/mol

Sodium acetrizoate (rINN, trade names Urokon, Triurol and Salpix), the sodium salt of acetrizoic acid, is a high-osmolality, water-soluble, iodine-based radiographic contrast medium no longer in clinical use.[1]

Acetrizoate was developed by V.H. Wallingford of Mallinckrodt, and introduced in 1950;[2] it was employed as a contrast agent for several radiographic studies, including pyelography,[3][4] angiography of the brain, carotid arteries and the aorta,[5][6] and cholecystography.[7][8] It was soon found to be highly toxic to the kidneys and nervous system—work urging caution in its administration was published as early as 1959,[9] after reports of adverse reactions ranging from hypersensitivity to brain damage—and was eventually replaced by other agents with higher efficacy and lower toxicity, such as sodium diatrizoate, a closely related compound.[2]

References

  1. ↑ "Acetrizoate sodium". Online Medical Dictionary. University of Newcastle upon Tyne. March 5 2000. Retrieved 2007-11-14. Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 McClennan BL (1990). "Preston M. Hickey memorial lecture. Ionic and nonionic iodinated contrast media: evolution and strategies for use". AJR. American journal of roentgenology. 155 (2): 225–33. PMID 2115244.
  3. ↑ NESBIT RM, LAPIDES J (1950). "Preliminary report on urokon, a new excretory pyelographic medium". J Urol. 63 (6): 1109–12. PMID 15422724.
  4. ↑ EYLER WR, DREW DR, BOHNE AW (1956). "A comparative clinical trial of urographic media: renografin, hypaque, and urokon". Radiology. 66 (6): 871–3. PMID 13323329.
  5. ↑ LIU P, MURTAGH F, WYCIS HT, SCOTT M (1953). "Report of one hundred carotid angiograms taken with the new contrast medium acetrizoate (urokon) on Chamberlain's biplane stereoscopic angiographic unit". A. M. A. archives of neurology and psychiatry. 69 (5): 651–2. PMID 13039633.
  6. ↑ SEAMAN WB, SCHWARTZ HG (1953). "Cerebral arteriography with sodium acetrizoate (urokon sodium) 30%". A.M.A. archives of surgery. 67 (5): 741–5. PMID 13103941.
  7. ↑ ORLOFF TL (1955). "Intravenous cholecystography with a new medium; experience with sodium acetrizoate (urokon sodium) seventy per cent". A.M.A. archives of surgery. 71 (4): 620–2. PMID 13258064.
  8. ↑ WOOLLEY IM, KEIZUR LW, MAYERHARNISCH G (1957). "Gallbladder visualization following the use of 70 per cent sodium acetrizoate (urokon sodium) for intravenous pyelography". Radiology. 69 (4): 576–7. PMID 13485425.
  9. ↑ LANCE EM, KILLEN DA, SCOTT HW (1959). "A plea for caution in the use of sodium acetrizoate (urokon) for aortography". Ann Surg. 150 (1): 172. PMID 13661846. PMC 1613496

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