Pristinamycin
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| Pristinamycin
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Pristinamycin (INN), also spelled pristinamycine, is an antibiotic used primarily in the treatment of staphylococcal infections, and to a lesser extent streptococcal infections. It is a streptogramin group antibiotic, similar to virginiamycin, derived from the bacterium Streptomyces pristina spiralis. It is marketed in Europe by Sanofi-Aventis under the trade name Pyostacine.
Pristinamycin is a mixture of two components that have a synergistic antibacterial action. Pristinamycin I is a macrolide, and results in pristinamycin having a similar spectrum of action to erythromycin. Pristinamycin II is a depsipeptide.[1]
Clinical use
Despite the macrolide component, it is effective against erythromycin-resistant staphylococci and strepcococci.[2][3] Importantly, it is active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Its usefulness for severe infections, however, may be limited by the lack of an intravenous formulation owing to its poor solubility.[4] Nevertheless it is sometimes used as an alternative to rifampicin+fusidic acid or linezolid for the treatment of MRSA.
The lack of an intravenous formulation led to the development of the pristinamycin-derivative quinupristin/dalfopristin, which may be administered intravenously for more severe MRSA infections.
See also
Footnotes
- ↑ Hamilton-Miller J (1991). "From foreign pharmacopoeias: 'new' antibiotics from old?". J Antimicrob Chemother 27 (6): 702-5. PMID 1938680.
- ↑ Weber P (2001). "[Streptococcus pneumoniae: lack of emergence of pristinamycin resistance]". Pathol Biol (Paris) 49 (10): 840-5. PMID 11776696.
- ↑ Leclercq R, Soussy C, Weber P, Moniot-Ville N, Dib C (2003). "[In vitro activity of the pristinamycin against the isolated staphylococci in the french hospitals in 1999-2000]". Pathol Biol (Paris) 51 (7): 400-4. PMID 12948760.
- ↑ (November 30, 2004) in Edited by Sean C. Sweetman: Martindale: The complete drug reference, 34th edition, London: Pharmaceutical Press. ISBN 0-85369-550-4.
Antibacterials for systemic use: macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins (J01F) | |
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| Macrolides | Erythromycin - Spiramycin - Midecamycin - Oleandomycin - Roxithromycin - Josamycin - Troleandomycin - Clarithromycin - Azithromycin - Miocamycin - Rokitamycin - Dirithromycin - Flurithromycin - Telithromycin - Cethromycin |
| Lincosamides | Clindamycin - Lincomycin |
| Streptogramins | Pristinamycin - Quinupristin/dalfopristin |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
