Quinupristin/dalfopristin
You don't need to be Editor-In-Chief to add or edit content to WikiDoc. You can begin to add to or edit text on this WikiDoc page by clicking on the edit button at the top of this page. Next enter or edit the information that you would like to appear here. Once you are done editing, scroll down and click the Save page button at the bottom of the page.
| Quinupristin/dalfopristin
| |
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| quinupristine N-[(6R,9S,10R,13S,15aS,18R,22S,24aS)-22- [p-(dimethylamino)benzyl]-6-ethyldocosahydro- 10,23-dimethyl-5,8,12,15,17,21,24-heptaoxo-13-phenyl-18- dalfopristin (3R,4R,5E,10E,12E,14S,26R,26aS)-26- | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 112362-50-2 |
| ATC code | J01 |
| PubChem | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | quinupristin C53H67N9O10S1 dalfopristin C34H50N4O9S |
| Mol. mass | quinupristin 1022.24 g/mol dalfopristin 690.85 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Protein binding | moderate |
| Metabolism | ? |
| Half life | quinupristin 3.1 hours dalfopristin 1 hour |
| Excretion | 75% fecal, 15-19% urinary |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
B (U.S.) |
| Legal status |
℞-only (U.S.) |
| Routes | IV |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Phone:617-632-7753
Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [2] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.
Quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid®) is a combination of two antibiotics used to treat infections by staphylococci and by vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium. It is not effective against Enterococcus faecalis infections.
Quinupristin and dalfopristin are both streptogramin antibiotics, derived from pristinamycin. Quinupristin is derived from pristinamycin I; dalfopristin from pristinamycin IIA. They are combined in a weight-to-weight ratio of 30% quinupristin to 70% dalfopristin.
Administration
Intravenous, usually 7.5 mg/kg every 8-12 hours
Mechanism of action
Dalfopristin inhibits the early phase of protein synthesis in the bacterial ribosome and quinupristin inhibits the late phase of protein synthesis. The combination of the two components acts synergistically and is more effective in vitro than each component alone.
Pharmacokinetics
Clearance by the liver, half-life 1-3 hours (with persistence of effects for 9-10 hours).
Side effects
References
- Allington DR, Rivey MP., "Quinupristin/dalfopristin: a therapeutic review.", Clin Ther. 2001 Jan;23(1):24-44. PMID 11219478.
- Lamb HM, Figgitt DP, Faulds D., "Quinupristin/dalfopristin: a review of its use in the management of serious gram-positive infections.", Drugs. 1999 Dec;58(6):1061-97. PMID 10651391.
- Manzella JP., "Quinupristin-dalfopristin: a new antibiotic for severe gram-positive infections.", Am Fam Physician. 2001 Dec 1;64(11):1863-6. PMID 11764864.
- Paradisi F, Corti G, Messeri D., "Antistaphylococcal (MSSA, MRSA, MSSE, MRSE) antibiotics.", Med Clin North Am. 2001 Jan;85(1):1-17. PMID 11190346.
- http://www.fda.gov/cder/consumerinfo/druginfo/SYNERCID.HTM
Antibacterials for systemic use: macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramins (J01F) | |
|---|---|
| Macrolides | Erythromycin - Spiramycin - Midecamycin - Oleandomycin - Roxithromycin - Josamycin - Troleandomycin - Clarithromycin - Azithromycin - Miocamycin - Rokitamycin - Dirithromycin - Flurithromycin - Telithromycin - Cethromycin |
| Lincosamides | Clindamycin - Lincomycin |
| Streptogramins | Pristinamycin - Quinupristin/dalfopristin |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
