Neurofibroma laboratory findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mohsin, M.D.[2]

Overview

On Immunohistochemistry, neurofibroma stains positive for S100, SOX10, CD34, factor XIIIa, neurofilament, GFAP and calretinin and negative for EMA, keratin, smooth muscle actin, desmin, calponin, caldesmon and p53.

Laboratory Findings

Immunohistochemistry of neurofibroma is as follows:

• Positive for:
  • S100
  • SOX10
  • CD34 (focal)
  • Factor XIIIa (focal)
  • Neurofilament (and Bielshowsky)
  • GFAP
  • Calretinin (focal)
• Negative for:
  • EMA (except in plexiform neurofibromas)
  • Keratin
  • Smooth muscle actin
  • Desmin
  • Calponin
  • Caldesmon
  • P53

Immunohistochemical differences between Neurofibroma and Schwannoma

Immunohistochemical stain	Neurofibroma	Schwannoma
S-100 and SOX10	Moderate positivity	Strong, diffuse positivity
CD34	Moderate	Scattered cells in Antoni B areas
Neurofilament (and Bielshowsky)	Stains entrapped axons within lesion	Stains peripherally located axons of parent nerve
Factor XIIIa	Moderate	Negative to focal
Calretinin	Negative to focal	Moderate
GFAP	Variable, weak	Variable, moderate

References

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