Chlamydia infection natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maliha Shakil, M.D. [2]

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Overview

If left untreated, chlamydia can cause pelvic inflammatory disease in women and epididymitis and orchitis in males.[1][2] Common complications of chlamydia among women include cervicitis, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain. Complications of chlamydia in men include proctitis, epididymitis, and sterility. Other complications of chlamydia include an increased risk of acquiring HIV and reactive arthritis.[3] The prognosis of chlamydia is generally good with adequate treatment.

Natural History

If left untreated, chlamydia can cause pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility in women and epididymitis and orchitis in males, which may, in rare cases, lead to sterility.[1][2]

Complications

The complications of chlamydia infection may be divided into genitourinary infections, pulmonary infections, ocular infections, and complications associated with pregnancy.[2]

Complications of chlamydia infection in women include:[1][3][4]

Complications of chlamydia in pregnant patients include:[2][5]

Complications of chlamydia infection in men may include:[2][3]

Prognosis

The prognosis of chlamydia is generally good with adequate treatment.

Reference

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Chlamydia trachomatis. Wikipedia.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlamydia_trachomatis. Accessed on December 22, 2015
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Mishori R, McClaskey EL, WinklerPrins VJ (2012). "Chlamydia trachomatis infections: screening, diagnosis, and management". Am Fam Physician. 86 (12): 1127–32. PMID 23316985.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Chlamydia - CDC Fact Sheet (Detailed). CDC.http://www.cdc.gov/std/chlamydia/stdfact-chlamydia-detailed.htm. Accessed on January 6th, 2016
  4. Hocking JS, Vodstrcil LA, Huston WM, Timms P, Chen MY, Worthington K; et al. (2013). "A cohort study of Chlamydia trachomatis treatment failure in women: a study protocol". BMC Infect Dis. 13: 379. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-379. PMC 3751832. PMID 23957327.
  5. Allaire A, Nathan L, Martens MG (1995). "Chlamydia trachomatis: management in pregnancy". Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 3 (2): 82–8. doi:10.1155/S1064744995000378. PMC 2364418. PMID 18476026.

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