Vertigo: Difference between revisions
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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
{{familytree/start}}<nowiki>{{familytree | | | | | | | A01 | | | |A01= Classification of Vertigo}} | |||
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{{familytree/start}}<nowiki>{{familytree | {{familytree | | | | | | | B01 | | | |B01=Based on Location of Dysfunction}} | ||
{{familytree | {{familytree | | |,|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|.| }} | ||
{{familytree | {{familytree | | C01 | | | | | | | |C02|C01=Peripheral|C02=Central}} | ||
{{familytree | | |, | {{familytree | | |!| | | | | | | | | |!| }} | ||
{{familytree | | C01 | {{familytree | | D01 | | | | | | | |D02|D01=Lesion in inner ear or vestibulocochlear nerve|D02=Lesion in brainstem or cerebellum}} | ||
{{familytree | | |! | {{familytree | | |!| | | | | | | | | |!| }} | ||
{{familytree | | D01 | {{familytree | | E01 | | | | | | | |E02|E01=Meniere’s disease<br>Benign positional paroxysmal vertigo''<br>Acute labyrinthitis''<br>Acute vestibular neuronitis''<br>Cholesteatoma''<br>Otosclerosis''<br>Perilymphatic fistula''<br>Acoustic Neuroma''|E02=Brainstem Stroke<br>Vestibular Migraine''<br>Multiple Sclerosis''<br>Cerebellar ischemia or hemorrhage''<br>Cerebellar tumors''<br>lateral medullary syndrome''<br>Chiari malformation''}} | ||
{{familytree | | |! | |||
{{familytree | | E01 | |||
{{Family tree/end}} | {{Family tree/end}} | ||
Revision as of 04:07, 3 December 2020
Resident Survival Guide Vertigo in Children |
Vertigo Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
---|
Treatment |
Case Studies |
Vertigo On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Vertigo |
For patient information, click here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zehra Malik, M.B.B.S[2]
Synonyms and keywords:
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
<nowiki>Classification of Vertigo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Based on Location of Dysfunction | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Peripheral | Central | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Lesion in inner ear or vestibulocochlear nerve | Lesion in brainstem or cerebellum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Meniere’s disease Benign positional paroxysmal vertigo Acute labyrinthitis Acute vestibular neuronitis Cholesteatoma Otosclerosis Perilymphatic fistula Acoustic Neuroma | Brainstem Stroke Vestibular Migraine Multiple Sclerosis Cerebellar ischemia or hemorrhage Cerebellar tumors lateral medullary syndrome Chiari malformation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Pathophysiology
Causes
- Peripheral causes of vertigo includes:
Disease | Pathophysiology | Main Feature |
Ménière’s disease | Increased endolymph volume in semicircular canals | Recurrent vertigo, aural fullness, hearing loss and tinnitus |
Benign positional paroxysmal vertigo | Dislodged otoliths stimulate vestibular sense organ | Recurrent vertigo, nausea, vomiting, torsional nystagmus |
Acute labyrinthitis | Inflammation of labyrinth/ viral or bacterial | Temporary hearing loss, vertigo, off balance, tinnitus |
Acute vestibular neuritis | Inflammation of vestibular nerve caused by viral infection | Vertigo, hearing intact |
Cholesteatoma | Cyst/sac of keratin debris in middle ear | Fullness/pressure in the ear, vertigo, hearing loss, pain |
Otosclerosis | Abnormal bone growth in middle ear | Vertigo, tinnitus and, sensorineural hearing loss |
Perilymphatic fistula | Abnormal connection between the middle ear and inner ear | Fullness/pressure in the ear, vertigo, hearing loss/sensitive hearing |
Differentiating Vertigo from other Diseases
- Vertigo must be differentiated from other diseases that cause imbalance, dizziness, and lightheadedness.[1]
Epidemiology and Demographics
- Among the patient who presents with dizziness in the primary care setting, fifty-four percent have vertigo upon investigation.[2]
Screening
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Treatment
- ↑ Labuguen RH (2006). "Initial evaluation of vertigo". Am Fam Physician. 73 (2): 244–51. PMID 16445269.
- ↑ Kroenke, Kurt (1992). "Causes of Persistent Dizziness". Annals of Internal Medicine. 117 (11): 898. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-117-11-898. ISSN 0003-4819.