Tumor lysis syndrome causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Drug Side Effect

Methotrexate

Overview

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a group of metabolic abnormalities resulting from rapid lysis of malignant cells and massive release of cell breakdown products into the blood among patients with hematologic malignancies treated with chemotherapy. The most common tumors associated with this syndrome are poorly differentiated lymphomas, such as Burkitt's lymphoma, and leukemias, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Usually, the precipitating medication regimen includes combination chemotherapy, but those patients with lymphoma and ALL can be affected with steroid treatment alone.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening conditions may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. Tumor lysis syndrome is a life-threatening condition and must be treated as such irrespective of the causes.

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect

Bortezomib, Cytarabine, cytotoxic chemotherapy, etoposide, fludarabine, glucocorticoids, hydroxyurea, imatinib, lenalidomide , paclitaxel, rituximab, thalidomide, zoledronic acid

Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic No underlying causes
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes|-
Obstetric/Gynecologic
Oncologic

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia , acute myeloid leukemia, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma , anaplastic large cell lymphoma, breast cancer , Burkitt's lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukemia, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, germ cell tumors , hepatoblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, hodgkin's disease, isolated plasmacytomas, mantle cell lymphoma, medulloblastoma, melanoma, metastatic colorectal cancer , multiple myeloma, neuroblastoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, ovarian cancer , rhabdomyosarcoma, sarcoma, small cell lung cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva, thalidomide, transformed lymphoma, urothelial cancer

Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy

No underlying causes|-

Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes by Alphabetical Order

References

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