Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vindhya BellamKonda, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Patients with SIADH have different characteristics and a different prognosis according to etiology. Serum sodium concentration at short-term follow-up is predictive of long-term survival. These findings might havediagnostic and treatmentrelated implications.

Natural History

If left untreated 2.5%-30% of hospitalized patients with SIADH may progress to develop:

Hyponatremia(Serum sodium concentration at short-term follow-up is predictive of long-term survival). T
Cerebral edema
Central pontine myelinolysis(if sodium levels are corrected too rapidly)

Complications

Common complications of SIADH are:

Hyponatremia
Central pontine myelinolysis ( When sodium levels are corrected too rapidly)
Cerebral edema

Prognosis

The prognosis of SIADH is good with treatment. Without treatment,SIADH will result in complications like hyponatremia,confusion,seizures,stupor and coma. ^[1]

References

↑ Tzoulis P, Carr H, Bagkeris E, Bouloux PM (2017). "Improving care and outcomes of inpatients with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD): a prospective intervention study of intensive endocrine input vs. routine care". Endocrine. 55 (2): 539–546. doi:10.1007/s12020-016-1161-9. PMC 5272879. PMID 27837439.

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[pmid27837439-1] Tzoulis P, Carr H, Bagkeris E, Bouloux PM (2017). "Improving care and outcomes of inpatients with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD): a prospective intervention study of intensive endocrine input vs. routine care". Endocrine. 55 (2): 539–546. doi:10.1007/s12020-016-1161-9. PMC 5272879. PMID 27837439.

[1]