Subarachnoid hemorrhage risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of subarachnoid hemorrhage include smoking, hypertension (high blood pressure) and excessive alcohol intake; all are associated with a doubled risk for SAH. Some protection of uncertain significance is conferred by Caucasian ethnicity, hormone replacement therapy, and a higher than normal cholesterol.[1]
Risk Factors
Common risk factors in the development of subarachnoid hemorrhage include: [2][3][4][5][6][7]
Hereditary
- Connective tissue diseases
- Familial hyperaldosteronism type I
- Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (PKD)
- Moyamoya syndrome
Other risk factors
- arteriovenous malformation
- Head injury
- Hypertension
- Cigarette smoking
- Estrogen deficiency
- Coarctation of the aorta
- Excessive alcohol intake
- Arteriovenous malformation
References
- ↑ Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM; et al. (2005). "Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies". Stroke. 36 (12): 2773–80. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8. PMID 16282541.
- ↑ Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM; et al. (2005). "Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies". Stroke. 36 (12): 2773–80. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8. PMID 16282541.
- ↑ Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J; et al. (2005). "Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies". Stroke. 36 (12): 2773–80. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8. PMID 16282541.
- ↑ Kernan WN, Viscoli CM, Brass LM, Broderick JP, Brott T, Feldmann E; et al. (2000). "c and the risk of hemorrhagic stroke". N Engl J Med. 343 (25): 1826–32. doi:10.1056/NEJM200012213432501. PMID 11117973.
- ↑ Levine SR, Brust JC, Futrell N, Brass LM, Blake D, Fayad P; et al. (1991). "A comparative study of the cerebrovascular complications of cocaine: alkaloidal versus hydrochloride--a review". Neurology. 41 (8): 1173–7. PMID 1866000.
- ↑ Scotti G, Filizzolo F, Scialfa G, Tampieri D, Versari P (1987). "Repeated subarachnoid hemorrhages from a cervical meningioma. Case report". J Neurosurg. 66 (5): 779–81. doi:10.3171/jns.1987.66.5.0779. PMID 3572505.
- ↑ Navi BB, Reichman JS, Berlin D, Reiner AS, Panageas KS, Segal AZ; et al. (2010). "Intracerebral and subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients with cancer". Neurology. 74 (6): 494–501. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181cef837. PMC 2830918. PMID 20142616.