Short bowel syndrome natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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{{Short bowel syndrome}} | {{Short bowel syndrome}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{SSH}} | ||
==Overview== | |||
If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3]. | |||
OR | |||
Common complications of [disease name] include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3]. | |||
OR | |||
== | Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%. | ||
==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | |||
== | ===Natural History=== | ||
*The symptoms of (disease name) usually develop in the first/ second/ third decade of life, and start with symptoms such as ___. | |||
*The symptoms of (disease name) typically develop ___ years after exposure to ___. | |||
*If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3]. | |||
===Complications=== | |||
Patients with short bowel syndrome may have complications caused by malabsorption of vitamins and minerals, such as deficiencies in [[vitamin]]s [[vitamin A|A]], [[vitamin D|D]], [[vitamin E|E]], [[vitamin K|K]], and [[vitamin B12|B12]], [[calcium in biology|calcium]], [[magnesium]], [[iron]], [[folic acid]], and [[zinc]]. These may appear as [[anemia]], [[hyperkeratosis]] (scaling of the skin), easy [[bruising]], [[muscle spasms]], poor [[blood clotting]], and [[bone pain]]. | Patients with short bowel syndrome may have complications caused by malabsorption of vitamins and minerals, such as deficiencies in [[vitamin]]s [[vitamin A|A]], [[vitamin D|D]], [[vitamin E|E]], [[vitamin K|K]], and [[vitamin B12|B12]], [[calcium in biology|calcium]], [[magnesium]], [[iron]], [[folic acid]], and [[zinc]]. These may appear as [[anemia]], [[hyperkeratosis]] (scaling of the skin), easy [[bruising]], [[muscle spasms]], poor [[blood clotting]], and [[bone pain]]. | ||
*Common complications of [disease name] include: | |||
**[Complication 1] | |||
**[Complication 2] | |||
**[Complication 3] | |||
===Prognosis=== | |||
There is no cure for short bowel syndrome. In newborn infants, the 4-year survival rate on [[Total parenteral nutrition|parenteral nutrition]] is approximately 70%. Some studies suggest that much of the mortality is due to a complication of the TPN, especially [[chronic liver disease]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Vanderhoof JA, Langnas AN |title=Short-bowel syndrome in children and adults |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=113 |issue=5 |pages=1767-78 |year=1997 |pmid=9352883 |doi=}}</ref> Much hope is vested in [[Omegaven]], a type of lipid TPN feed, in which recent case reports suggest the risk of liver disease is much lower.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Gura KM, Duggan CP, Collier SB, ''et al'' |title=Reversal of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease in two infants with short bowel syndrome using parenteral fish oil: implications for future management |journal=Pediatrics |volume=118 |issue=1 |pages=e197-201 |year=2006 |pmid=16818533 |doi=10.1542/peds.2005-2662}}</ref> | There is no cure for short bowel syndrome. In newborn infants, the 4-year survival rate on [[Total parenteral nutrition|parenteral nutrition]] is approximately 70%. Some studies suggest that much of the mortality is due to a complication of the TPN, especially [[chronic liver disease]].<ref>{{cite journal |author=Vanderhoof JA, Langnas AN |title=Short-bowel syndrome in children and adults |journal=Gastroenterology |volume=113 |issue=5 |pages=1767-78 |year=1997 |pmid=9352883 |doi=}}</ref> Much hope is vested in [[Omegaven]], a type of lipid TPN feed, in which recent case reports suggest the risk of liver disease is much lower.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Gura KM, Duggan CP, Collier SB, ''et al'' |title=Reversal of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease in two infants with short bowel syndrome using parenteral fish oil: implications for future management |journal=Pediatrics |volume=118 |issue=1 |pages=e197-201 |year=2006 |pmid=16818533 |doi=10.1542/peds.2005-2662}}</ref> | ||
Although promising, small intestine transplant has a mixed success rate, with postoperative mortality rate of up to 30%. One-year and 4-year survival rate are 90% and 60%, respectively. | Although promising, small intestine transplant has a mixed success rate, with postoperative mortality rate of up to 30%. One-year and 4-year survival rate are 90% and 60%, respectively. | ||
*Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%. | |||
*Depending on the extent of the [tumor/disease progression/etc.] at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as poor/good/excellent. | |||
*The presence of [characteristic of disease] is associated with a particularly [good/poor] prognosis among patients with [disease/malignancy]. | |||
*[Subtype of disease/malignancy] is associated with the most favorable prognosis. | |||
*The prognosis varies with the [characteristic] of tumor; [subtype of disease/malignancy] have the most favorable prognosis. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
Revision as of 19:44, 27 November 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2]
Overview
If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].
OR
Common complications of [disease name] include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].
OR
Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
- The symptoms of (disease name) usually develop in the first/ second/ third decade of life, and start with symptoms such as ___.
- The symptoms of (disease name) typically develop ___ years after exposure to ___.
- If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].
Complications
Patients with short bowel syndrome may have complications caused by malabsorption of vitamins and minerals, such as deficiencies in vitamins A, D, E, K, and B12, calcium, magnesium, iron, folic acid, and zinc. These may appear as anemia, hyperkeratosis (scaling of the skin), easy bruising, muscle spasms, poor blood clotting, and bone pain.
- Common complications of [disease name] include:
- [Complication 1]
- [Complication 2]
- [Complication 3]
Prognosis
There is no cure for short bowel syndrome. In newborn infants, the 4-year survival rate on parenteral nutrition is approximately 70%. Some studies suggest that much of the mortality is due to a complication of the TPN, especially chronic liver disease.[1] Much hope is vested in Omegaven, a type of lipid TPN feed, in which recent case reports suggest the risk of liver disease is much lower.[2]
Although promising, small intestine transplant has a mixed success rate, with postoperative mortality rate of up to 30%. One-year and 4-year survival rate are 90% and 60%, respectively.
- Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.
- Depending on the extent of the [tumor/disease progression/etc.] at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as poor/good/excellent.
- The presence of [characteristic of disease] is associated with a particularly [good/poor] prognosis among patients with [disease/malignancy].
- [Subtype of disease/malignancy] is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
- The prognosis varies with the [characteristic] of tumor; [subtype of disease/malignancy] have the most favorable prognosis.
References
- ↑ Vanderhoof JA, Langnas AN (1997). "Short-bowel syndrome in children and adults". Gastroenterology. 113 (5): 1767–78. PMID 9352883.
- ↑ Gura KM, Duggan CP, Collier SB; et al. (2006). "Reversal of parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease in two infants with short bowel syndrome using parenteral fish oil: implications for future management". Pediatrics. 118 (1): e197–201. doi:10.1542/peds.2005-2662. PMID 16818533.