Seminoma surgery: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[ | [[Surgery]] is the mainstay of treatment for seminoma. The feasibility of surgery depends on the stage of seminoma at [[diagnosis]] which include: radical [[inguinal orchiectomy]], [[Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection|retroperitoneal lymph node dissection]], [[Salvage therapy|salvage]] [[surgery]] and [[surgery]] for [[Metastasis|metastases]]. | ||
==Surgery== | ==Surgery== | ||
*Surgery is usually reserved for majority of patients.The feasibility of surgery depends on the stage of seminomsat diagnosis.<ref name="pmid30671589">{{cite journal |vauthors=Batool A, Karimi N, Wu XN, Chen SR, Liu YX |title=Testicular germ cell tumor: a comprehensive review |journal=Cell. Mol. Life Sci. |volume=76 |issue=9 |pages=1713–1727 |date=May 2019 |pmid=30671589 |doi=10.1007/s00018-019-03022-7 |url=}}</ref> | *Surgery is usually reserved for majority of [[Patient|patients]].The feasibility of surgery depends on the stage of seminomsat [[diagnosis]].<ref name="pmid30671589">{{cite journal |vauthors=Batool A, Karimi N, Wu XN, Chen SR, Liu YX |title=Testicular germ cell tumor: a comprehensive review |journal=Cell. Mol. Life Sci. |volume=76 |issue=9 |pages=1713–1727 |date=May 2019 |pmid=30671589 |doi=10.1007/s00018-019-03022-7 |url=}}</ref><ref name="BoujelbeneCosinschi2011">{{cite journal|last1=Boujelbene|first1=Noureddine|last2=Cosinschi|first2=Adrien|last3=Boujelbene|first3=Nadia|last4=Khanfir|first4=Kaouthar|last5=Bhagwati|first5=Shushila|last6=Herrmann|first6=Eveleyn|last7=Mirimanoff|first7=Rene-Olivier|last8=Ozsahin|first8=Mahmut|last9=Zouhair|first9=Abderrahim|title=Pure seminoma: A review and update|journal=Radiation Oncology|volume=6|issue=1|year=2011|issn=1748-717X|doi=10.1186/1748-717X-6-90}}</ref><ref name="Al-Salem2014">{{cite journal|last1=Al-Salem|first1=Ahmed H.|title=Testicular Tumors|year=2014|pages=505–511|doi=10.1007/978-3-319-06665-3_64}}</ref> | ||
* | * | ||
*The | *The feasibility of surgery depends on the stage of seminoma at [[diagnosis]]. | ||
* | *[[Surgery]] is the mainstay of treatment for seminoma which include:<ref name="pmid21819630">{{cite journal |vauthors=Boujelbene N, Cosinschi A, Boujelbene N, Khanfir K, Bhagwati S, Herrmann E, Mirimanoff RO, Ozsahin M, Zouhair A |title=Pure seminoma: a review and update |journal=Radiat Oncol |volume=6 |issue= |pages=90 |date=August 2011 |pmid=21819630 |pmc=3163197 |doi=10.1186/1748-717X-6-90 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid24078656">{{cite journal |vauthors=Oldenburg J, Fosså SD, Nuver J, Heidenreich A, Schmoll HJ, Bokemeyer C, Horwich A, Beyer J, Kataja V |title=Testicular seminoma and non-seminoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up |journal=Ann. Oncol. |volume=24 Suppl 6 |issue= |pages=vi125–32 |date=October 2013 |pmid=24078656 |doi=10.1093/annonc/mdt304 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17998544">{{cite journal |vauthors=Carver BS, Serio AM, Bajorin D, Motzer RJ, Stasi J, Bosl GJ, Vickers AJ, Sheinfeld J |title=Improved clinical outcome in recent years for men with metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors |journal=J. Clin. Oncol. |volume=25 |issue=35 |pages=5603–8 |date=December 2007 |pmid=17998544 |doi=10.1200/JCO.2007.13.6283 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21789067">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lavery HJ, Bahnson RR, Sharp DS, Pohar KS |title=Management of the residual post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal mass in germ cell tumors |journal=Ther Adv Urol |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=199–207 |date=October 2009 |pmid=21789067 |pmc=3126061 |doi=10.1177/1756287209350315 |url=}}</ref> | ||
: | :*Radical [[inguinal orchiectomy]] | ||
: | :*[[Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection|Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection]] | ||
:*[[Salvage therapy|Salvage]] [[surgery]] | |||
:*[[Surgery]] for [[Metastasis|metastases]] | |||
: | |||
:*Radical inguinal orchiectomy | |||
:*Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection | |||
:*Salvage surgery | |||
:*Surgery for metastases | |||
===Radical Inguinal Orchiectomy=== | ===Radical Inguinal Orchiectomy=== | ||
*[[ | *Among [[Patient|patients]] who present with clinically advanced [[disease]], radical orchiectomy is useful to remove the tumor prior to chemotherapy when possible. | ||
===Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection=== | ===Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection=== | ||
*Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) may be | *[[Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection|Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection]] (RPLND) may be helpful for any type of seminoma that doesn’t respond to [[chemotherapy]].<ref name="pmid21789067" /> | ||
*RPLND may be helpful at the same time as [[orchiectomy]], or during other [[surgery]].<ref name="pmid29487620" /> | |||
*RPLND may be | |||
===Salvage Surgery=== | ===Salvage Surgery=== | ||
* | *Among patient who dose not response to chemotherapy after orchiectomy the surgery used to remove residual disease is called salvage surgery.<ref name="surgeryfortesticularcancer1">Surgery for testicular cancer. Canadian cancer society 2016. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/testicular/treatment/surgery/?region=on. Accessed on March 2, 2016</ref><ref name="pmid21969846">{{cite journal |vauthors=Daneshmand S, Djaladat H, Nichols C |title=Management of residual mass in nonseminomatous germ cell tumors following chemotherapy |journal=Ther Adv Urol |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=163–71 |date=August 2011 |pmid=21969846 |pmc=3175700 |doi=10.1177/1756287211418721 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Salvage surgery may include a bilateral RPLND, | *Salvage [[surgery]] may include a [[bilateral]] RPLND.<ref name="pmid22852029">{{cite journal |vauthors=Heidenreich A, Pfister D |title=Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy and resection for testicular cancer: an update on best practice |journal=Ther Adv Urol |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=187–205 |date=August 2012 |pmid=22852029 |pmc=3398597 |doi=10.1177/1756287212443170 |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Surgery for Metastases=== | ===Surgery for Metastases=== | ||
*Surgery may | *[[Surgery operation|Surgery]] may be helpful remove seminoma that [[Metastasis|metastasized]] to the [[lung]], [[liver]], [[brain]], [[mediastinum]] or neck. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 18:07, 6 May 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sogand Goudarzi, MD [2]
Overview
Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for seminoma. The feasibility of surgery depends on the stage of seminoma at diagnosis which include: radical inguinal orchiectomy, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, salvage surgery and surgery for metastases.
Surgery
- Surgery is usually reserved for majority of patients.The feasibility of surgery depends on the stage of seminomsat diagnosis.[1][2][3]
- The feasibility of surgery depends on the stage of seminoma at diagnosis.
- Surgery is the mainstay of treatment for seminoma which include:[4][5][6][7]
Radical Inguinal Orchiectomy
- Among patients who present with clinically advanced disease, radical orchiectomy is useful to remove the tumor prior to chemotherapy when possible.
Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection
- Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) may be helpful for any type of seminoma that doesn’t respond to chemotherapy.[7]
- RPLND may be helpful at the same time as orchiectomy, or during other surgery.[8]
Salvage Surgery
- Among patient who dose not response to chemotherapy after orchiectomy the surgery used to remove residual disease is called salvage surgery.[9][10]
- Salvage surgery may include a bilateral RPLND.[11]
Surgery for Metastases
- Surgery may be helpful remove seminoma that metastasized to the lung, liver, brain, mediastinum or neck.
References
- ↑ Batool A, Karimi N, Wu XN, Chen SR, Liu YX (May 2019). "Testicular germ cell tumor: a comprehensive review". Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 76 (9): 1713–1727. doi:10.1007/s00018-019-03022-7. PMID 30671589.
- ↑ Boujelbene, Noureddine; Cosinschi, Adrien; Boujelbene, Nadia; Khanfir, Kaouthar; Bhagwati, Shushila; Herrmann, Eveleyn; Mirimanoff, Rene-Olivier; Ozsahin, Mahmut; Zouhair, Abderrahim (2011). "Pure seminoma: A review and update". Radiation Oncology. 6 (1). doi:10.1186/1748-717X-6-90. ISSN 1748-717X.
- ↑ Al-Salem, Ahmed H. (2014). "Testicular Tumors": 505–511. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-06665-3_64.
- ↑ Boujelbene N, Cosinschi A, Boujelbene N, Khanfir K, Bhagwati S, Herrmann E, Mirimanoff RO, Ozsahin M, Zouhair A (August 2011). "Pure seminoma: a review and update". Radiat Oncol. 6: 90. doi:10.1186/1748-717X-6-90. PMC 3163197. PMID 21819630.
- ↑ Oldenburg J, Fosså SD, Nuver J, Heidenreich A, Schmoll HJ, Bokemeyer C, Horwich A, Beyer J, Kataja V (October 2013). "Testicular seminoma and non-seminoma: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up". Ann. Oncol. 24 Suppl 6: vi125–32. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdt304. PMID 24078656.
- ↑ Carver BS, Serio AM, Bajorin D, Motzer RJ, Stasi J, Bosl GJ, Vickers AJ, Sheinfeld J (December 2007). "Improved clinical outcome in recent years for men with metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors". J. Clin. Oncol. 25 (35): 5603–8. doi:10.1200/JCO.2007.13.6283. PMID 17998544.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Lavery HJ, Bahnson RR, Sharp DS, Pohar KS (October 2009). "Management of the residual post-chemotherapy retroperitoneal mass in germ cell tumors". Ther Adv Urol. 1 (4): 199–207. doi:10.1177/1756287209350315. PMC 3126061. PMID 21789067.
- ↑
- ↑ Surgery for testicular cancer. Canadian cancer society 2016. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/testicular/treatment/surgery/?region=on. Accessed on March 2, 2016
- ↑ Daneshmand S, Djaladat H, Nichols C (August 2011). "Management of residual mass in nonseminomatous germ cell tumors following chemotherapy". Ther Adv Urol. 3 (4): 163–71. doi:10.1177/1756287211418721. PMC 3175700. PMID 21969846.
- ↑ Heidenreich A, Pfister D (August 2012). "Retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy and resection for testicular cancer: an update on best practice". Ther Adv Urol. 4 (4): 187–205. doi:10.1177/1756287212443170. PMC 3398597. PMID 22852029.