Pancreatic cancer MRI: Difference between revisions
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{{Pancreatic cancer}} | {{Pancreatic cancer}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ARK}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
[[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] is considered when there is a [[Diagnosis|diagnostic]] difficulty even after performing a [[Computed tomography|CT]] scan. [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] is helpful in staging the extent and spread of [[Pancreatic cancer|pancreatic carcinoma]] rather than for detecting [[Tumor|tumors]] or [[Lesion|lesions]] less than 2 cm in size. [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI scan]] while determining [[Pancreatic cancer|pancreatic adenocarcinoma]] relies on the assessment of the size, shape, contour of the [[gland]]. [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] is helpful in characterizing [[Pancreatic cyst|cystic lesions]] of the [[pancreas]] and can aid in arriving at the [[diagnosis]]. [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] scan of the [[pancreas]] while assesing for [[pancreatic cancer]] presents as hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense or isointense on T2-weighted images. During dynamic MR imaging, the tumor of [[pancreatic cancer]] in the ''early phase'' shows ''diminished enhancement'' and in the ''late phase'' shows ''gradual enhancement''. | |||
==MRI== | |||
'''MRI:''' <ref name="pmid22811847">{{cite journal| author=Tummala P, Junaidi O, Agarwal B| title=Imaging of pancreatic cancer: An overview. | journal=J Gastrointest Oncol | year= 2011 | volume= 2 | issue= 3 | pages= 168-74 | pmid=22811847 | doi=10.3978/j.issn.2078-6891.2011.036 | pmc=3397617 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22811847 }} </ref> <ref name="pmid24976723">{{cite journal| author=Lee ES, Lee JM| title=Imaging diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: a state-of-the-art review. | journal=World J Gastroenterol | year= 2014 | volume= 20 | issue= 24 | pages= 7864-77 | pmid=24976723 | doi=10.3748/wjg.v20.i24.7864 | pmc=4069314 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24976723 }} </ref><ref name="pmid22786999">{{cite journal| author=Sahani DV, Bonaffini PA, Catalano OA, Guimaraes AR, Blake MA| title=State-of-the-art PET/CT of the pancreas: current role and emerging indications. | journal=Radiographics | year= 2012 | volume= 32 | issue= 4 | pages= 1133-58; discussion 1158-60 | pmid=22786999 | doi=10.1148/rg.324115143 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22786999 }} </ref><ref name="pmid17208676">{{cite journal| author=Schima W| title=MRI of the pancreas: tumours and tumour-simulating processes. | journal=Cancer Imaging | year= 2006 | volume= 6 | issue= | pages= 199-203 | pmid=17208676 | doi=10.1102/1470-7330.2006.0035 | pmc=1766565 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17208676 }} </ref> | |||
*[[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] is considered when there is a [[Diagnosis|diagnostic]] difficulty even after performing a [[Computed tomography|CT]] scan. | |||
*[[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] is helpful in staging the extent and spread of [[Pancreatic cancer|pancreatic carcinoma]] rather than for detecting [[Tumor|tumors]] or [[Lesion|lesions]] less than 2 cm in size. | |||
*[[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] also helps in avoiding the [[Radiation injury|radiation exposure]] when compared to a [[Computed tomography|CT]] scan. | |||
*[[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] scan while determining [[Pancreatic cancer|pancreatic adenocarcinoma]] relies on the assessment of the size, shape, contour of the [[gland]]. | |||
*[[Gadolinium]] is the contrast material most commonly used in the contrast [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] scan of the [[pancreas]]. | |||
*[[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] is helpful in characterizing cystic lesions of the pancreas and can aid in arriving at the diagnosis. | |||
*[[Pancreatic cancer]] shows hypointense lesions on [[gadolinium]]-enhanced T1-weighted images. | |||
*For the complete evaluation of the [[Pancreas|pancreatic]] parenchyma and the pancreaticobiliary [[Duct (anatomy)|ductal]] system, the following [[Magnetic resonance imaging|magnetic resonance]] sequences is advised: | |||
**T1-weighted gradient-echo; T2-weighted axial and coronal sequences, usually turbo spin-echo; two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) [[Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography|MRCP]] | |||
**T1-weighted 3D gradient-echo (GRE) before and after intravenous administration of [[gadolinium]]. | |||
*Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) nowadays is being widely used. | |||
*[[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] scan of the [[pancreas]] while assesing for [[pancreatic cancer]] presents as:<ref name="pmid7972808">{{cite journal| author=Gabata T, Matsui O, Kadoya M, Yoshikawa J, Miyayama S, Takashima T et al.| title=Small pancreatic adenocarcinomas: efficacy of MR imaging with fat suppression and gadolinium enhancement. | journal=Radiology | year= 1994 | volume= 193 | issue= 3 | pages= 683-8 | pmid=7972808 | doi=10.1148/radiology.193.3.7972808 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7972808 }} </ref> <ref name="pmid1312736">{{cite journal| author=Vellet AD, Romano W, Bach DB, Passi RB, Taves DH, Munk PL| title=Adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic ducts: comparative evaluation with CT and MR imaging at 1.5 T. | journal=Radiology | year= 1992 | volume= 183 | issue= 1 | pages= 87-95 | pmid=1312736 | doi=10.1148/radiology.183.1.1312736 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1312736 }} </ref> | |||
**Hypointense on T1-weighted images | |||
**Hyperintense or isointense on T2-weighted images. | |||
**During dynamic [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MR imaging]], the [[tumor]] of [[pancreatic cancer]] in the ''early phase shows diminished enhancement'' and in the ''late phase shows'' ''gradual enhancement.'' | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Types of cancer]] | [[Category:Types of cancer]] | ||
[[Category:Mature chapter]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Oncology]] | [[Category:Oncology]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Surgery]] | |||
[[Category: | [[Category:Gastroenterology]] | ||
Latest revision as of 23:33, 29 July 2020
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Pancreatic cancer MRI On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Pancreatic cancer MRI |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Reddy Kothagadi M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
MRI is considered when there is a diagnostic difficulty even after performing a CT scan. MRI is helpful in staging the extent and spread of pancreatic carcinoma rather than for detecting tumors or lesions less than 2 cm in size. MRI scan while determining pancreatic adenocarcinoma relies on the assessment of the size, shape, contour of the gland. MRI is helpful in characterizing cystic lesions of the pancreas and can aid in arriving at the diagnosis. MRI scan of the pancreas while assesing for pancreatic cancer presents as hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense or isointense on T2-weighted images. During dynamic MR imaging, the tumor of pancreatic cancer in the early phase shows diminished enhancement and in the late phase shows gradual enhancement.
MRI
- MRI is considered when there is a diagnostic difficulty even after performing a CT scan.
- MRI is helpful in staging the extent and spread of pancreatic carcinoma rather than for detecting tumors or lesions less than 2 cm in size.
- MRI also helps in avoiding the radiation exposure when compared to a CT scan.
- MRI scan while determining pancreatic adenocarcinoma relies on the assessment of the size, shape, contour of the gland.
- Gadolinium is the contrast material most commonly used in the contrast MRI scan of the pancreas.
- MRI is helpful in characterizing cystic lesions of the pancreas and can aid in arriving at the diagnosis.
- Pancreatic cancer shows hypointense lesions on gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images.
- For the complete evaluation of the pancreatic parenchyma and the pancreaticobiliary ductal system, the following magnetic resonance sequences is advised:
- T1-weighted gradient-echo; T2-weighted axial and coronal sequences, usually turbo spin-echo; two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) MRCP
- T1-weighted 3D gradient-echo (GRE) before and after intravenous administration of gadolinium.
- Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) nowadays is being widely used.
- MRI scan of the pancreas while assesing for pancreatic cancer presents as:[5] [6]
- Hypointense on T1-weighted images
- Hyperintense or isointense on T2-weighted images.
- During dynamic MR imaging, the tumor of pancreatic cancer in the early phase shows diminished enhancement and in the late phase shows gradual enhancement.
References
- ↑ Tummala P, Junaidi O, Agarwal B (2011). "Imaging of pancreatic cancer: An overview". J Gastrointest Oncol. 2 (3): 168–74. doi:10.3978/j.issn.2078-6891.2011.036. PMC 3397617. PMID 22811847.
- ↑ Lee ES, Lee JM (2014). "Imaging diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: a state-of-the-art review". World J Gastroenterol. 20 (24): 7864–77. doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i24.7864. PMC 4069314. PMID 24976723.
- ↑ Sahani DV, Bonaffini PA, Catalano OA, Guimaraes AR, Blake MA (2012). "State-of-the-art PET/CT of the pancreas: current role and emerging indications". Radiographics. 32 (4): 1133–58, discussion 1158-60. doi:10.1148/rg.324115143. PMID 22786999.
- ↑ Schima W (2006). "MRI of the pancreas: tumours and tumour-simulating processes". Cancer Imaging. 6: 199–203. doi:10.1102/1470-7330.2006.0035. PMC 1766565. PMID 17208676.
- ↑ Gabata T, Matsui O, Kadoya M, Yoshikawa J, Miyayama S, Takashima T; et al. (1994). "Small pancreatic adenocarcinomas: efficacy of MR imaging with fat suppression and gadolinium enhancement". Radiology. 193 (3): 683–8. doi:10.1148/radiology.193.3.7972808. PMID 7972808.
- ↑ Vellet AD, Romano W, Bach DB, Passi RB, Taves DH, Munk PL (1992). "Adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic ducts: comparative evaluation with CT and MR imaging at 1.5 T." Radiology. 183 (1): 87–95. doi:10.1148/radiology.183.1.1312736. PMID 1312736.