Oral cancer physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]

Overview

Common physical examination findings of oral cancer include a lump or thickening in the oral soft tissues, soreness, difficulty chewing or swallowing, ear pain, difficulty moving the jaw or tongue, hoarseness, numbness of the tongue or swelling of the jaw that causes dentures to fit poorly.

Physical Examination

Physical Examination

Possible signs and symptoms of oral cancer that your patients may report include: a lump or thickening in the oral soft tissues, soreness or a feeling that something is caught in the throat, difficulty chewing or swallowing, ear pain, difficulty moving the jaw or tongue, hoarseness, numbness of the tongue or other areas of the mouth, or swelling of the jaw that causes dentures to fit poorly or become uncomfortable.



Appearance of the Patient

  • This section should give a general description of what a patient with the disease you are describing may look like. You may include a physical description such as obese, thin, cachectic, well appearing, ill appearing, diaphoretic etc.
  • For an example of the appearance of a patient section in the physical examination page, click here.

Vitals

Temperature

Pulse

Rate
Rhythm
  • The pulse is regular
  • The pules is irregularly irregular
Strength
Symmetry
  • The pulses may be asymmetric

Blood Pressure

Respiratory Rate

Skin

  • Cyanosis may be present
  • Jaundice may be present
  • A rash may be present
  • Pallor may be present
  • Lesions may be present

Head

  • Abnormalities of the head/hair may include ___
  • There may be evidence of trauma

Eyes

  • Icteric sclera may be present
  • Nystagmus may be present.
  • Extra-ocular movements may be abnormal
  • Pupils may not react to light
  • Ophthalmoscopic exam may be abnormal with findings of ___

Ears

Nose

  • Nares may be inflamed
  • There may be epistaxis
  • There may be purulent exudate from the nares
  • There may be tenderness to percussion of the sinuses
  • The nares may be congested

Throat

  • The throat may be erythematous
  • There may be exudate in the throat
  • There may be petechiae seen in the throat
  • There may be tonsillar inflammation

Neck

Lungs

  • Pulmonary edema and rales may be present
  • Wheezing may be present
  • Consolidation may be present with reduced breath sounds auscultated
  • Rales may be present
  • Egophony may be present
  • Chest movement may be assymetric

Heart

Auscultation

Abdomen

Extremities

Neurologic

  • Mental status may be altered
  • Glasgow coma scale is ___
  • Clonus may be present
  • Hyperactive reflexes may be present
  • There are deficits in cranial nerves __

References

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