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__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Neuroblastoma}}
{{Neuroblastoma}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{HL}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{ZAS}}{{HL}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
On a T1 weighted brain [[MRI]] image, neurblastoma is characterized by a hyperintense, heterogeneous, and necrotic mass.<ref name="radio">Neuroblastoma. Radiopaedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/neuroblastoma Accessed on October, 4 2015</ref>
[[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] is considered the most useful modality in staging of neuroblastoma. It is superior to [[Computed tomography|CT scan]] when determining [[Bone marrow|marrow]] [[Infiltration (medical)|infiltration]] and intra spinal [[tumor]] [[extension]].[[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] findings in neuroblastoma [[Patient|patients]] include; hypointense [[heterogeneous]] [[mass]] on T1 weighted image, [[heterogeneous]]/hyperintense enhancement due to [[necrosis]] and [[cyst]] formation seen on T2 weighted images.


==MRI==
==MRI==
* MRI image characteristics observed among neuroblastoma patients include:<ref name="radio">Neuroblastoma. Radiopaedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/neuroblastoma Accessed on October, 4 2015</ref>
* [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] has been considered the most useful modality in staging of neuroblastoma in recent years.<ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[Georgia Papaioannou]] & [[Kieran McHugh]]
| title = Neuroblastoma in childhood: review and radiological findings
| journal = [[Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society]]
| volume = 5
| pages = 116–127
| year = 2005
| month = September
| doi = 10.1102/1470-7330.2005.0104
| pmid = 16305949
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[Brian H. Kushner]]
| title = Neuroblastoma: a disease requiring a multitude of imaging studies
| journal = [[Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine]]
| volume = 45
| issue = 7
| pages = 1172–1188
| year = 2004
| month = July
| pmid = 15235064
}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[Gael J. Lonergan]], [[Cornelia M. Schwab]], [[Eric S. Suarez]] & [[Christian L. Carlson]]
| title = Neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, and ganglioneuroma: radiologic-pathologic correlation
| journal = [[Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc]]
| volume = 22
| issue = 4
| pages = 911–934
| year = 2002
| month = July-August
| doi = 10.1148/radiographics.22.4.g02jl15911
| pmid = 12110723
}}</ref>
* [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] is superior to [[Computed tomography|CT scan]] when determining [[Bone marrow|marrow]] [[Infiltration (medical)|infiltration]] and intra spinal [[tumor]] extension.<ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[Georgia Papaioannou]] & [[Kieran McHugh]]
| title = Neuroblastoma in childhood: review and radiological findings
| journal = [[Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society]]
| volume = 5
| pages = 116–127
| year = 2005
| month = September
| doi = 10.1102/1470-7330.2005.0104
| pmid = 16305949
}}</ref>
* The advantages of [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] include lack of [[ionizing radiation]] and no necessity of using oral [[contrast]].
* [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]] findings observed among neuroblastoma [[Patient|patients]] include:<ref name="radio">Neuroblastoma. Radiopaedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/neuroblastoma Accessed on October, 4 2015</ref><ref>{{Cite journal
| author = [[Maureen Dumba]], [[Noorulhuda Jawad]] & [[Kieran McHugh]]
| title = Neuroblastoma and nephroblastoma: a radiological review
| journal = [[Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society]]
| volume = 15
| pages = 5
| year = 2015
| month = April
| doi = 10.1186/s40644-015-0040-6
| pmid = 25889326
}}</ref>
:* '''T1 weighted image''' demonstrates:
:* '''T1 weighted image''' demonstrates:
::* Hypointense hetrogenous mass
::* Hypointense [[heterogeneous]] [[mass]]
:* '''T1 weighted image with gadolinium contrast''' demonstrates:
:* '''T1 weighted image with gadolinium contrast''' demonstrates:
::* Heterogeneous variable enhancement  
::* [[Heterogeneous]] variable enhancement  
:* '''T2 weighted image''' demonstrates:
:* '''T2 weighted image''' demonstrates:
::* Heterogeneous/hyperintense enhancement due [[necrosis]] and [[cyst]] formation
::* [[Heterogeneous]]/hyperintense enhancement due [[necrosis]] and [[cyst]] formation


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery>
Image:
Image:
Medulloblastoma-01.jpg|Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>
MRI neuroblastoma.jpg|Neuroblastoma observed on coronal MRI of the abdomen as a well defined mass lesion located at the right suprarenal region<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Dr Praveen Jha [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/neuroblastoma-7 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>
 
Image:
Medulloblastoma-02.jpg|Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>
 
   
Image:
Medulloblastoma-04.jpg|Sagittal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref> 
   
Image:
Medulloblastoma-06.jpg|Sagittal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref> 
   
Image:
Medulloblastoma-07.jpg|Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref> 
 
Image:
Medulloblastoma-001.jpg|Sagittal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>
 
Image:
Image:
Medulloblastoma-002.jpg|Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>  
MRI neuroblastoma spinal.jpg|Neuroblastoma observed on sagittal MRI as a large mass which extends into the spinal canal and causes significant cord compression<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Dr Frank Gaillard [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/neuroblastoma-5 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>
 
Image:
Image:
Medulloblastoma-003.jpg|Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref> 
MRI neuroblastoma spinal 2.jpg|Neuroblastoma observed on transverse MRI as a large mass which extends into the spinal canal and causes significant cord compression<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Dr Frank Gaillard [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/neuroblastoma-5 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>
 
Image:
Medulloblastoma-004.jpg|Coronal MRI section of medulloblastoma<ref name="radio">Image courtesy of Radswiki [http://www.radiopaedia.org Radiopaedia](original file [http://radiopaedia.org/cases/medulloblastoma-8 "here"]). [http://radiopaedia.org/licence Creative Commons BY-SA-NC]</ref>  
 
</gallery>
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|1}}


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Latest revision as of 16:39, 4 March 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Zahir Ali Shaikh, MD[2]Haytham Allaham, M.D. [3]

Overview

MRI is considered the most useful modality in staging of neuroblastoma. It is superior to CT scan when determining marrow infiltration and intra spinal tumor extension.MRI findings in neuroblastoma patients include; hypointense heterogeneous mass on T1 weighted image, heterogeneous/hyperintense enhancement due to necrosis and cyst formation seen on T2 weighted images.

MRI

  • T1 weighted image demonstrates:
  • T1 weighted image with gadolinium contrast demonstrates:
  • T2 weighted image demonstrates:

Gallery

  • Neuroblastoma observed on coronal MRI of the abdomen as a well defined mass lesion located at the right suprarenal region[5]

    Neuroblastoma observed on coronal MRI of the abdomen as a well defined mass lesion located at the right suprarenal region[5]

  • Neuroblastoma observed on sagittal MRI as a large mass which extends into the spinal canal and causes significant cord compression[5]

    Neuroblastoma observed on sagittal MRI as a large mass which extends into the spinal canal and causes significant cord compression[5]

  • Neuroblastoma observed on transverse MRI as a large mass which extends into the spinal canal and causes significant cord compression[5]

    Neuroblastoma observed on transverse MRI as a large mass which extends into the spinal canal and causes significant cord compression[5]

References

  1. ↑ Georgia Papaioannou & Kieran McHugh (2005). "Neuroblastoma in childhood: review and radiological findings". Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society. 5: 116–127. doi:10.1102/1470-7330.2005.0104. PMID 16305949. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ Brian H. Kushner (2004). "Neuroblastoma: a disease requiring a multitude of imaging studies". Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine. 45 (7): 1172–1188. PMID 15235064. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Gael J. Lonergan, Cornelia M. Schwab, Eric S. Suarez & Christian L. Carlson (2002). "Neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, and ganglioneuroma: radiologic-pathologic correlation". Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc. 22 (4): 911–934. doi:10.1148/radiographics.22.4.g02jl15911. PMID 12110723. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ↑ Georgia Papaioannou & Kieran McHugh (2005). "Neuroblastoma in childhood: review and radiological findings". Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society. 5: 116–127. doi:10.1102/1470-7330.2005.0104. PMID 16305949. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Neuroblastoma. Radiopaedia (2015) http://radiopaedia.org/articles/neuroblastoma Accessed on October, 4 2015
  6. ↑ Maureen Dumba, Noorulhuda Jawad & Kieran McHugh (2015). "Neuroblastoma and nephroblastoma: a radiological review". Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society. 15: 5. doi:10.1186/s40644-015-0040-6. PMID 25889326. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)


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