Knee pain/swelling

Jump to navigation Jump to search
Knee pain/swelling

WikiDoc Resources for Knee pain/swelling

Articles

Most recent articles on Knee pain/swelling

Most cited articles on Knee pain/swelling

Review articles on Knee pain/swelling

Articles on Knee pain/swelling in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Knee pain/swelling

Images of Knee pain/swelling

Photos of Knee pain/swelling

Podcasts & MP3s on Knee pain/swelling

Videos on Knee pain/swelling

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Knee pain/swelling

Bandolier on Knee pain/swelling

TRIP on Knee pain/swelling

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Knee pain/swelling at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Knee pain/swelling

Clinical Trials on Knee pain/swelling at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Knee pain/swelling

NICE Guidance on Knee pain/swelling

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Knee pain/swelling

CDC on Knee pain/swelling

Books

Books on Knee pain/swelling

News

Knee pain/swelling in the news

Be alerted to news on Knee pain/swelling

News trends on Knee pain/swelling

Commentary

Blogs on Knee pain/swelling

Definitions

Definitions of Knee pain/swelling

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Knee pain/swelling

Discussion groups on Knee pain/swelling

Patient Handouts on Knee pain/swelling

Directions to Hospitals Treating Knee pain/swelling

Risk calculators and risk factors for Knee pain/swelling

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Knee pain/swelling

Causes & Risk Factors for Knee pain/swelling

Diagnostic studies for Knee pain/swelling

Treatment of Knee pain/swelling

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on Knee pain/swelling

International

Knee pain/swelling en Espanol

Knee pain/swelling en Francais

Business

Knee pain/swelling in the Marketplace

Patents on Knee pain/swelling

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Knee pain/swelling

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]


The most common reasons of knee pain can include;

Differential diagnosis of knee pain/swelling

Common causes

Acute knee pain

Chronic knee pain

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning No underlying causes
Dermatologic Erythema nodosum, Sarcoidosis, Psoriasis
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Hypophosphatemic rickets, Rickets, Sarcoidosis, Neuropathic (Charcot's) knee joint
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Crohn's disease
Genetic Ankylosing Spondylitis, Epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple, 2, Epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple, 3, Epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple, 5, Fairbanks disease, Handigodu Syndrome, Hemoglobinopathies, Hemophilia, Jaffe-Lichtenstein-Sutro syndrome, Juvenile Paget's Disease, Paget's disease of bone, Paget's disease, type 1, Paget's disease, type 4, Singh-Williams-McAlister, syndrome, Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, Talo-patello-scaphoid osteolysis, TAR syndrome, Hypophosphatemic rickets, Rickets, Crohn's disease, Pyrophosphate arthropathy, Trochlear dysplasia, Sarcoidosis, Rheumatoid arthritis
Hematologic Acute leukemia, Bleeding disorders, Hemarthrosis, Leukemia, Hemoglobinopathies, Hemophilia, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, TAR syndrome
Iatrogenic Arthroscopic lavage
Infectious Disease Clutton's joints, Congenital syphilis, Gonococcal pyarthrosis, Knee arthritis, Knee bacterial infection, Knee infection, Knee inflammation, Lyme disease, Neuropathic (Charcot's) knee joint, Pyarthrosis, Pyogenic infection, Septic arthritis, Yersiniosis, Tendinitis, Viral infection, Synovitis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho Anterior cruciate ligament injury, Arthritis, Baker's cyst, Brodie knee, Bursitis, Chondromalacia patellae, Cruciate injury, Dislocated knee, Dislocated patella, Fallen arches, Femoral condyle fracture, Fractured patella, Fractured tibial plateau, Gait problems, Gout, Gram's syndrome, Hip dislocation, Hip injury, Hip Replacement, Intermittent hydrarthrosis, Johansson-Sinding-Larsen syndrome, Knee cyst, Knee tumor, Knock knees, Lipoarthritis, Lipoma arborescens, Medial ligament injury, Meniscal cartilage replacement therapy, Meniscal cyst, Meniscus injury, Osgood-Schlatter's disease, Osteoarthritis, Osteochondritis dissecans, Osteochondroma, Osteochondrosis, Osteosarcoma, Patellar tendinitis, Patello-femoral pain syndrome, Pellegrini-Stieda syndrome, Pigmented villonodular synovitis, Plica Syndrome, Popliteal cyst, Prepatellar bursitis, Ps, riasis, Pyrophosphate arthropathy, Reactive arthritis, Reiter’s syndrome, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sciatica, Seronegative spondyloarthropathy, Sinding Larsen-Johannson disease, Spinal cord injury, Strength training, Supracondylar femur fracture, Synovial chondromatosis, Synovial osteochondromatosis, Synovial plica syndrome, Synovioma, Synovitis, Tendinitis, Torn ligament, Trauma, Trochlear dysplasia, Viral infection, Weak ankles, Weight training, Ankylosing Spondylitis - knee arthritis, Epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple, 2, Epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple, 3, Epiphyseal dysplasia, multiple, 5, Fairbanks disease, Handigodu Syndrome, Jaffe-Lichtenstein-Sutro syndrome, Juvenile Paget's Disease, Paget's disease of bone, Paget's disease, type 1, Paget's disease, type 4, Singh-Williams-McAlister, syndrome, Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda, Talo-patello-scaphoid osteolysis, TAR syndrome, Hemarthrosis, Clutton's joints, Knee arthritis, Knee bacterial infection, Knee infection, Knee inflammation, Lyme disease, Pyogenic infection, Yersiniosis, Scurvy, Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy periostitis, Inflammatory arthritis, Juvenile chronic arthritis, Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis, Still's disease, Hoffa's disease, Housemaid's knee, Knee fracture, Knee overuse, Knee sprain, Knee strain, Knee tendinitis, Orthopedic cast, Hypophosphatemic rickets, Rickets
Neurologic Gait problems, Sciatica, Spinal cord injury, Neuropathic (Charcot's) knee joint
Nutritional / Metabolic Scurvy, Gout, Juvenile Paget's Disease
Obstetric/Gynecologic Congenital syphilis, Clutton's joints
Oncologic Malignant bone tumor, Acute leukemia, Leukemia, Gram's syndrome, Knee tumor, Osteochondroma, Osteosarcoma, Synovioma
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy periostitis
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Common variable immunodeficiency, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, Inflammatory arthritis, Juvenile chronic arthritis, Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis, Still's disease, Erythema nodosum, Osteochondrosis, Psoriasis, Reactive arthritis, Reiter’s syndrome, Rheumatoid arthritis, Seronegative spondyloarthropathy, Synovitis, Crohn's disease, Tendinitis, Ankylosing Spondylitis - knee arthritis, Handigodu Syndrome, Knee arthritis, Gout, Gram's syndrome, Sarcoidosis
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Hoffa's disease, Housemaid's knee, Iliotibial band friction syndrome, Knee fracture, Knee overuse, Knee sprain, Knee strain, Knee tendinitis, Orthopedic cast, Bursitis, Chondromalacia patellae, Cruciate injury, Dislocated knee, Dislocated patella, Fallen arches, Femoral condyle fracture, Fractured patella, Fractured tibial plateau, Hip dislocation, Hip injury, Hip Replacement, Johansson-Sinding-Larsen syndrome, Medial ligament injury, Meniscus injury, Patellar tendinitis, Patello-femoral pain syndrome, Pellegrini-Stieda syndrome, Prepatellar bursitis, Sinding Larsen-Johannson disease, Supracondylar femur fracture, Torn ligament
Urologic No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Complete differential diagnosis of causes of knee pain/sweling

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

  • Gait abnormalities
  • Swelling
  • Erythema
  • Deformity
  • Muscle atrophy

Physical Examination

  • Range of motion
  • Palpate area of concern
  • "Milk the joint"
  • McMurray circumduction test
  • Ligament testing

Laboratory Findings

X-Ray

  • Anteroposterior, lateral and merchant (or sunrise) films of both knees
  • Tunnel views of knee
  • Merchant and sunrise of the patella

MRI and CT

  • MRI for confirmation of suspected diagnosis

Other Diagnostic Studies

  • Bone scan
  • Joint aspiration

Treatment

  • Conservative therapy is best
  • Lifestyle changes
  • Physical therapy
  • Exercise

Pharmacotherapy

Acute Pharmacotherapies

  • Anti-inflammatory medications
  • Joint medications
  • Antibiotics

Surgery and Device Based Therapy

  • Surgery necessary for most ACL injuries
  • Meniscal tears may require surgical repair
  • Joint infection requires surgery (emergency)
  • Surgery may be necessary for osteoarthritis, if conservative treatment fails

References


Template:WikiDoc Sources