Insomnia risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by an inability to sleep and/or inability to remain asleep for a reasonable period. Insomniacs typically complain of being unable to close their eyes or "rest their mind" for more than a few minutes at a time. Both organic and nonorganic insomnia constitute a sleep disorder.[1][2].Insomnia is a medical term for a sleep disorder, in which a person have difficulty with falling asleep, staying asleep or feeling unfresh in the morning because of poor sleep[3]. Insomnia is one of the frequently reported complaints in adult population, it is reported that 30-40% of the adult population is the US have insomnia[4]. The DSM-V Diagnostic Criteria for Insomnia Disorder is, difficulty with sleep for at least three days per week for consecutive three months.

Risk Factors

  • Advancing age
  • Anxiety or worry-prone personality
  • Chronic daily stress
  • Cognitive styles
  • Familial disposition
  • Fear of not sleeping
  • Female gender
  • High altitude
  • Increased arousal
  • Irregular sleep scheduling
  • Excessive caffeine use
  • Irregular sleep schedules
  • Light
  • Major life events (e.g., illness, separation)
  • Noise
  • Poor sleep habits
  • Poor sleep hygiene practices
  • Tendency to repress emotions
  • Uncomfortably high or low temperature[1]

References

  1. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.