Infertility epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]
Prevalence
Prevalence of infertility varies depending on the definition, i.e.
on the time span involved in the failure to conceive.
- Some estimates suggest that worldwide "between three and seven per cent of all couples or women have an unresolved problem of infertility. Many more couples, however, experience involuntary childlessness for at least one year: estimates range from 12% to 28%." [1]
- Fertility problems affect one in seven couples in the UK. Most couples (about 84 out of every 100) who have regular sexual intercourse (that is, every two to three days) and who do not use contraception get pregnant within a year. About 92 out of 100 couples who are trying to get pregnant do so within two years.[2]
- Women become less fertile as they get older. For women aged 35, about 94 out of every 100 who have regular unprotected sexual intercourse get pregnant after three years of trying. For women aged 38, however, only 77 out of every 100 do so. The effect of age upon men's fertility is less clear.[2]
- In people going forward for IVF in the UK, roughly half of fertility problems with a diagnosed cause are due to problems with the man, and about half due to problems with the woman. However, about one in five cases of infertility has no clear diagnosed cause.[3]
- In Britain, male factor infertility accounts for 25% of infertile couples, while 25% remain unexplained. 50% are female causes with 25% being due to anovulation and 25% tubal problems/other.[4]
- In Sweden, approximately 10% of couples wanting children are infertile.[5] In approximately one third of these cases the man is the factor, in one third the woman is the factor, and in the remaining third the infertility is a product of factors on both parts.
References
- ↑ Himmel, W.; Ittner, E; Kochen, MM; Michelmann, HW; Hinney, B; Reuter, M; Kallerhoff, M; Ringert, RH (1997). "Voluntary Childlessness and being Childfree". British Journal of General Practice. 47 (415): 111–8. PMC 1312893. PMID 9101672.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NICE fertility guidance
- ↑ HFEA Chart on reasons for infertility
- ↑ Khan, Khalid; Janesh K. Gupta; Gary Mires (2005). Core clinical cases in obstetrics and gynaecology: a problem-solving approach. London: Hodder Arnold. p. 152. ISBN 0-340-81672-4.
- ↑ Sahlgrenska University Hospital. (translated from the Swedish sentence: "Cirka 10% av alla par har problem med ofrivillig barnlöshet.")