Infertility classification: Difference between revisions

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Latest revision as of 01:17, 19 January 2021

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sanjana Nethagani, M.B.B.S.[3]

Overview

Infertility is broadly classified into primary and secondary, where primary infertility is seen in women who have never conceived and secondary infertility is the inability to conceive after a previous pregnancy. Infertility can also be classified based on etiology such as endocrine, metabolic, genetic etc

Classification

Classification Based Upon History^[1]

Primary infertility

It refers to couples who have never been able to conceive.
Primary infertility also includes women conceived but have had regular miscarriages.

Secondary infertility

It refers to difficulty conceiving after already having conceived and carried a normal pregnancy. Technically, secondary infertility is not present if there has been a change of partners.

Other causes of infertility are male infertility, systemic medical illnesses and unexplained infertility.

References

↑ Hull MG, Cahill DJ (1998). "Female infertility". Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 27 (4): 851–76. doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70044-x. PMID 9922911.

[pmid9922911-1] Hull MG, Cahill DJ (1998). "Female infertility". Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 27 (4): 851–76. doi:10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70044-x. PMID 9922911.

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 __NOTOC__
 {{Infertility}}
+{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{NS}}
+==Overview==
+Infertility is broadly classified into primary and secondary, where primary infertility is seen in women who have never conceived and secondary infertility is the inability to conceive after a previous pregnancy. Infertility can also be classified based on etiology such as endocrine, metabolic, genetic etc
+==Classification==
+======Classification Based Upon History<ref name="pmid9922911">{{cite journal| author=Hull MG, Cahill DJ| title=Female infertility. | journal=Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am | year= 1998 | volume= 27 | issue= 4 | pages= 851-76 | pmid=9922911 | doi=10.1016/s0889-8529(05)70044-x | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9922911  }}</ref>======
+======Primary infertility======
-{{CMG}}
+*It refers to couples who have never been able to conceive.
-==Classification==
+*Primary infertility also includes women conceived but have had regular miscarriages.
-===Classification Based Upon The History===
-Infertility is grouped into two main categories
+====Secondary infertility====
-====Primary infertility====
+*It refers to difficulty conceiving after already having conceived and carried a normal pregnancy. Technically, secondary infertility is not present if there has been a change of partners.
-It refers to couples who have never been able to conceive. <ref name="titleMedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Infertility">{{cite web|url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001191.htm |title=MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Infertility |accessdate=2007-11-21 |format= |work=}}</ref>
-====Secondray infertility====
+Other causes of infertility are [[male]] infertility, systemic medical illnesses and unexplained infertility.
-It refers to difficulty conceiving after already having conceived and carried a normal pregnancy. Technically, secondary infertility is not present if there has been a change of partners.
-===Other Types of Infertility===
-====Combined infertility====
-*In some cases, both the man and woman may be infertile or sub-fertile, and the couple's infertility arises from the combination of these conditions.
-*In other cases, the cause is suspected to be immunological or genetic; it may be that each partner is independently fertile but the couple cannot conceive together without assistance.
-====Unexplained infertility====
-In about 15% of cases the infertility investigation will show no abnormalities. In these cases abnormalities are likely to be present but not detected by current methods. Possible problems could be that
-*the egg is not released at the optimum time for fertilization,
-*that it may not enter the fallopian tube,
-*sperm may not be able to reach the egg,
-*fertilization may fail to occur,
-*transport of the zygote may be disturbed, or
-*implantation fails.
-It is increasingly recognized that egg quality is of critical importance and women of advanced maternal age have eggs of reduced capacity for normal and successful fertilization.
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