Hypocalcemia laboratory findings
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Synonyms and keywords: hypocalcaemia; low serum calcium level
Overview
Laboratory investigations that detect alterations in PTH, vitamin D, and electrolytes in the serum or urine aids in the differential diagnosis of the underlying etiologies.
Measurement of the serum albumin concentration is essential to distinguish pseudohypocalcemia from true hypocalcemia.
Other laboratory tests include serum alkaline phosphates, liver function tests, coagulation profile, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and urinary cAMP levels at baseline and after PTH administration.
Laboratory Differential Diagnosis of Hypocalcemia
Abbreviations: ADHP, autosomal dominant hypoparathyroidism; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; CKD, chronic kidney disease; Cr, creatinine; Def, deficiency; HP, hyperphosphatemia; HPTH, hypoparathyroidism; PHP, pseudohypoparathyroidism; VDDR, vitamin D-dependent rickets.
↓Ca | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
↑PTH | ↔↓PTH | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
↑PO4 | ↔↓PO4 | ↔Mg | ↓Mg | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
↑Cr | ↔Cr | ↓25(OH)D | ↔↑25(OH)D | HPTH | ADHP or Mg def | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CKD | PHP or HP | Vitamin D def | ↓1,25(OH)2D | ↑1,25(OH)2D | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Type I VDDR | Type II VDDR | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||