Hirsutism epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
===Frequency=== | ===Frequency=== | ||
The prevalence of hirsutism is about 10% in the United States, with the exception of Far-East Asian women who present with hirsutism less frequently.<ref name=" | The prevalence of hirsutism is about 10% in the United States, with the exception of Far-East Asian women who present with hirsutism less frequently.<ref name="Rosenfield2005">{{cite journal|last1=Rosenfield|first1=Robert L.|title=Hirsutism|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=353|issue=24|year=2005|pages=2578–2588|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMcp033496}}</ref> | ||
. The prevalence rates in northern Europe is comparable to those in the United States, although when compared with other regions, prevalence rate is not known.<ref name="pmid9745406">{{cite journal| author=Knochenhauer ES, Key TJ, Kahsar-Miller M, Waggoner W, Boots LR, Azziz R| title=Prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected black and white women of the southeastern United States: a prospective study. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 1998 | volume= 83 | issue= 9 | pages= 3078-82 | pmid=9745406 | doi=10.1210/jcem.83.9.5090 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9745406 }} </ref> | |||
In the US, there are at least 4 million hirsute premenopausal women.<ref name="urlThe epidemiology of hirsutism in the general population and what causes it">{{cite web |url=http://www.hirsutism.com/hirsutism-biology/hirsutism-prevalence.shtml |title=The epidemiology of hirsutism in the general population and what causes it |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | In the US, there are at least 4 million hirsute premenopausal women.<ref name="urlThe epidemiology of hirsutism in the general population and what causes it">{{cite web |url=http://www.hirsutism.com/hirsutism-biology/hirsutism-prevalence.shtml |title=The epidemiology of hirsutism in the general population and what causes it |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
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===Race=== | ===Race=== | ||
While some studies may suggest differences in the prevalence of hirsutism amongst races, others suggest that there is no significant difference in the degree of facial and body terminal hair growth in dark-skinned individuals when compared to white women.<ref name="pmid16449347">{{cite journal| author=DeUgarte CM, Woods KS, Bartolucci AA, Azziz R| title=Degree of facial and body terminal hair growth in unselected black and white women: toward a populational definition of hirsutism. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 2006 | volume= 91 | issue= 4 | pages= 1345-50 | pmid=16449347 | doi=10.1210/jc.2004-2301 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16449347 }} </ref><ref name="pmid9745406">{{cite journal| author=Knochenhauer ES, Key TJ, Kahsar-Miller M, Waggoner W, Boots LR, Azziz R| title=Prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected black and white women of the southeastern United States: a prospective study. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 1998 | volume= 83 | issue= 9 | pages= 3078-82 | pmid=9745406 | doi=10.1210/jcem.83.9.5090 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9745406 }} </ref>. The prevalence of hirsutism among women with PCOS, between the ages of 18-40 years was seen to be significantly higher in Hispanic women when compared to non-Hispanic white women.<ref name="pmid28104402">{{cite journal| author=Engmann L, Jin S, Sun F, Legro RS, Polotsky AJ, Hansen KR et al.| title=Racial and ethnic differences in the polycystic ovary syndrome metabolic phenotype. | journal=Am J Obstet Gynecol | year= 2017 | volume= 216 | issue= 5 | pages= 493.e1-493.e13 | pmid=28104402 | doi=10.1016/j.ajog.2017.01.003 | pmc=5420474 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28104402 }} </ref> | While some studies may suggest differences in the prevalence of hirsutism amongst races, others suggest that there is no significant difference in the degree of facial and body terminal hair growth in dark-skinned individuals when compared to white women.<ref name="pmid16449347">{{cite journal| author=DeUgarte CM, Woods KS, Bartolucci AA, Azziz R| title=Degree of facial and body terminal hair growth in unselected black and white women: toward a populational definition of hirsutism. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 2006 | volume= 91 | issue= 4 | pages= 1345-50 | pmid=16449347 | doi=10.1210/jc.2004-2301 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16449347 }} </ref><ref name="pmid9745406">{{cite journal| author=Knochenhauer ES, Key TJ, Kahsar-Miller M, Waggoner W, Boots LR, Azziz R| title=Prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected black and white women of the southeastern United States: a prospective study. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 1998 | volume= 83 | issue= 9 | pages= 3078-82 | pmid=9745406 | doi=10.1210/jcem.83.9.5090 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9745406 }} </ref>. The prevalence of hirsutism among women with PCOS, between the ages of 18-40 years was seen to be significantly higher in Hispanic women when compared to non-Hispanic white women.<ref name="pmid28104402">{{cite journal| author=Engmann L, Jin S, Sun F, Legro RS, Polotsky AJ, Hansen KR et al.| title=Racial and ethnic differences in the polycystic ovary syndrome metabolic phenotype. | journal=Am J Obstet Gynecol | year= 2017 | volume= 216 | issue= 5 | pages= 493.e1-493.e13 | pmid=28104402 | doi=10.1016/j.ajog.2017.01.003 | pmc=5420474 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28104402 }} </ref> | ||
===Sex=== | |||
Hirsutism predominates in women and it is more difficult to detect hirsutism in men, because of the wide variability of healthy male terminal hair growth. Although it is also found to occur in men. When hirsutism is seen in pre-pubertal children, it is a pointer to precocious puberty and may also be a sign of a serious underlying medical condition. | |||
===Age=== | |||
The onset of hirsutism depends on the cause, mostly seen around puberty. This includes [[polycystic ovary syndrome]] and idiopathic hirsutism. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Overview
Hirsutism only affects women, since the rising of androgens causes a male pattern of body hair, particularly in locations where women normally do not develop terminal hair within their puberty (chest, abdomen, back and face). The medical term for excessive hair growth that affect both men and women is hypertrichosis.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Frequency
The prevalence of hirsutism is about 10% in the United States, with the exception of Far-East Asian women who present with hirsutism less frequently.[1] . The prevalence rates in northern Europe is comparable to those in the United States, although when compared with other regions, prevalence rate is not known.[2]
In the US, there are at least 4 million hirsute premenopausal women.[3] Hirsutism is more common in Meditarranean, Middle Eastern, European and South Asian women.[4]
Race
While some studies may suggest differences in the prevalence of hirsutism amongst races, others suggest that there is no significant difference in the degree of facial and body terminal hair growth in dark-skinned individuals when compared to white women.[5][2]. The prevalence of hirsutism among women with PCOS, between the ages of 18-40 years was seen to be significantly higher in Hispanic women when compared to non-Hispanic white women.[6]
Sex
Hirsutism predominates in women and it is more difficult to detect hirsutism in men, because of the wide variability of healthy male terminal hair growth. Although it is also found to occur in men. When hirsutism is seen in pre-pubertal children, it is a pointer to precocious puberty and may also be a sign of a serious underlying medical condition.
Age
The onset of hirsutism depends on the cause, mostly seen around puberty. This includes polycystic ovary syndrome and idiopathic hirsutism.
References
- ↑ Rosenfield, Robert L. (2005). "Hirsutism". New England Journal of Medicine. 353 (24): 2578–2588. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp033496. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Knochenhauer ES, Key TJ, Kahsar-Miller M, Waggoner W, Boots LR, Azziz R (1998). "Prevalence of the polycystic ovary syndrome in unselected black and white women of the southeastern United States: a prospective study". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 83 (9): 3078–82. doi:10.1210/jcem.83.9.5090. PMID 9745406.
- ↑ "The epidemiology of hirsutism in the general population and what causes it".
- ↑ "Hirsutism | University of Maryland Medical Center".
- ↑ DeUgarte CM, Woods KS, Bartolucci AA, Azziz R (2006). "Degree of facial and body terminal hair growth in unselected black and white women: toward a populational definition of hirsutism". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 91 (4): 1345–50. doi:10.1210/jc.2004-2301. PMID 16449347.
- ↑ Engmann L, Jin S, Sun F, Legro RS, Polotsky AJ, Hansen KR; et al. (2017). "Racial and ethnic differences in the polycystic ovary syndrome metabolic phenotype". Am J Obstet Gynecol. 216 (5): 493.e1–493.e13. doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2017.01.003. PMC 5420474. PMID 28104402.