GATA-3 is one of the three genes mutated in >10% of breast cancers (Cancer Genome Atlas).[8]
GATA-3 was shown to be required for the luminal A type of breast cancer, intertwined in pathways with ERα[9][10] but also androgen receptor signaling in ER-/AR+ tumors.[11]
Nuclear expression of GATA-3 in breast cancer is considered a marker of luminal cancer in ER+ cancer and luminal androgen responsive cancer in ER-/AR+ tumors.[12] It is highly coexpressed with FOXA1 and serves as negative predictor of basal subtype and ERBB2 subtype.[11][13][14] GATA-3 was shown to directly regulate luminal cell differentiation in mouse models of breast cancer.[15] It is also considered a strong predictor of taxane and platin salts insensitivity.[citation needed]
Insulin has been shown in experimental models to downregulate expression of GATA3 by causing overexpression of T-bet, resulting in resistance to endocrine therapy.[16]
↑Yamashita M, Ukai-Tadenuma M, Miyamoto T, Sugaya K, Hosokawa H, Hasegawa A, Kimura M, Taniguchi M, DeGregori J, Nakayama T (Jun 2004). "Essential role of GATA3 for the maintenance of type 2 helper T (Th2) cytokine production and chromatin remodeling at the Th2 cytokine gene loci". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 279 (26): 26983–90. doi:10.1074/jbc.M403688200. PMID15087456.
↑Dydensborg AB, Rose AA, Wilson BJ, Grote D, Paquet M, Giguère V, Siegel PM, Bouchard M (Jul 2009). "GATA3 inhibits breast cancer growth and pulmonary breast cancer metastasis". Oncogene. 28 (29): 2634–42. doi:10.1038/onc.2009.126. PMID19483726.
↑Ono Y, Fukuhara N, Yoshie O (Feb 1997). "Transcriptional activity of TAL1 in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) requires RBTN1 or -2 and induces TALLA1, a highly specific tumor marker of T-ALL". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (7): 4576–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.7.4576. PMID9020185.
Siegel MD, Zhang DH, Ray P, Ray A (Oct 1995). "Activation of the interleukin-5 promoter by cAMP in murine EL-4 cells requires the GATA-3 and CLE0 elements". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 270 (41): 24548–55. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.41.24548. PMID7592673.
Labastie MC, Bories D, Chabret C, Grégoire JM, Chrétien S, Roméo PH (May 1994). "Structure and expression of the human GATA3 gene". Genomics. 21 (1): 1–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1217. PMID8088776.
Ono Y, Fukuhara N, Yoshie O (Feb 1997). "Transcriptional activity of TAL1 in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) requires RBTN1 or -2 and induces TALLA1, a highly specific tumor marker of T-ALL". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 272 (7): 4576–81. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.7.4576. PMID9020185.
Blumenthal SG, Aichele G, Wirth T, Czernilofsky AP, Nordheim A, Dittmer J (Apr 1999). "Regulation of the human interleukin-5 promoter by Ets transcription factors. Ets1 and Ets2, but not Elf-1, cooperate with GATA3 and HTLV-I Tax1". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (18): 12910–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.18.12910. PMID10212281.
Van Esch H, Groenen P, Nesbit MA, Schuffenhauer S, Lichtner P, Vanderlinden G, Harding B, Beetz R, Bilous RW, Holdaway I, Shaw NJ, Fryns JP, Van de Ven W, Thakker RV, Devriendt K (Jul 2000). "GATA3 haplo-insufficiency causes human HDR syndrome". Nature. 406 (6794): 419–22. doi:10.1038/35019088. PMID10935639.
Crawford SE, Qi C, Misra P, Stellmach V, Rao MS, Engel JD, Zhu Y, Reddy JK (Feb 2002). "Defects of the heart, eye, and megakaryocytes in peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-binding protein (PBP) null embryos implicate GATA family of transcription factors". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (5): 3585–92. doi:10.1074/jbc.M107995200. PMID11724781.
Kieffer LJ, Greally JM, Landres I, Nag S, Nakajima Y, Kohwi-Shigematsu T, Kavathas PB (Apr 2002). "Identification of a candidate regulatory region in the human CD8 gene complex by colocalization of DNase I hypersensitive sites and matrix attachment regions which bind SATB1 and GATA-3". Journal of Immunology. 168 (8): 3915–22. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.8.3915. PMID11937547.
Asnagli H, Afkarian M, Murphy KM (May 2002). "Cutting edge: Identification of an alternative GATA-3 promoter directing tissue-specific gene expression in mouse and human". Journal of Immunology. 168 (9): 4268–71. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.168.9.4268. PMID11970965.
Karunaratne A, Hargrave M, Poh A, Yamada T (Sep 2002). "GATA proteins identify a novel ventral interneuron subclass in the developing chick spinal cord". Developmental Biology. 249 (1): 30–43. doi:10.1006/dbio.2002.0754. PMID12217316.