Differentiating Diabetes mellitus type 1 from other diseases: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "__NOTOC__ {{Diabetes mellitus type 1}} {{Diabetes mellitus}} {{CMG}} ==Overview== == Differentiating Diabetes mellitus type 1 from other Diseases== *Diabetes mellitus type...") |
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== Differentiating Diabetes mellitus type 1 from other Diseases== | == Differentiating Diabetes mellitus type 1 from other Diseases== | ||
* | |||
* | |||
* | |||
* | |||
*[[Diabetes mellitus type 2 (patient information)|Diabetes mellitus type 2]] | *[[Diabetes mellitus type 2 (patient information)|Diabetes mellitus type 2]] | ||
*[[Diabetes insipidus (patient information)|Diabetes insipidus]] | *[[Diabetes insipidus (patient information)|Diabetes insipidus]] | ||
*[[Gestational diabetes]] | *[[Gestational diabetes]] | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! | |||
! colspan="6" |History and symptoms | |||
!Physical examination | |||
! | |||
!Investigations | |||
! | |||
! | |||
! | |||
! | |||
! | |||
! | |||
! | |||
! | |||
|- | |||
! | |||
!Polyuria | |||
!Polydipsia | |||
!Polyphagia | |||
!Weight loss | |||
!Weight gain | |||
!Positive medical history | |||
!General appearance | |||
!Skin manifestations | |||
!Serum glucose | |||
!Urinary Glucose | |||
!Urine Ph | |||
!Serum Sodium | |||
!Urinary Glucose | |||
!24 hrs cortisol level | |||
!C-peptide level | |||
!Auto antibodies | |||
!Serum glucagon | |||
|- | |||
!'''Type 1 Diabetes mellitus''' | |||
!✔ | |||
!✔ | |||
!✔ | |||
!✔ | |||
! | |||
!✖ | |||
!Usually patients are young and lean | |||
! | |||
!'''↑''' | |||
!'''↑''' | |||
!N | |||
!N | |||
!'''↑''' | |||
!N | |||
!'''↓''' | |||
! | |||
* Measurements of IA2 autoantibodies within 6 months of diagnosis can help differentiate between type 1 and type 2 DM | |||
* Anti-GAD65 usually present | |||
* Anti-insulin autoantibodies usually present | |||
! | |||
|- | |||
|Type 2 Diabetes mellitus | |||
|✔ | |||
|✔ | |||
|✔ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✔ | |||
|✖ | |||
|Usually patients are middle age or elderly and obese | |||
|Acanthosis nigricans | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|MODY | |||
|✔ | |||
|✔ | |||
|✔ | |||
| | |||
|✔ | |||
|✖ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|Psychogenic polydipsia | |||
|✔ | |||
|✔ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
|'''↓''' | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|Diabetes insipidus | |||
|✔ | |||
|✔ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
| | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|Transient hyperglycemia | |||
|N | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✔ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
| | |||
|N | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|Steroid therapy | |||
|✔ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✔ | |||
|✔ | |||
| | |||
|Acanthosis nigricans | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|N | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|RTA 1 | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✔ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|N | |||
| | |||
|'''↓''' | |||
| | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|Glucagonoma | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|✖ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
| | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|- | |||
|Cushing | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✔ | |||
|✖ | |||
|Moon face, | |||
Obese and buffalo hump | |||
|Acanthosis nigricans | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|'''N''' | |||
|N/'''↑''' | |||
|'''↑''' | |||
|N | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|Hypothyroidism | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✖ | |||
|✔ | |||
|✖ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|N | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|'''N''' | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
|N | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
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==References== | ==References== |
Revision as of 22:08, 20 December 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Differentiating Diabetes mellitus type 1 from other Diseases
History and symptoms | Physical examination | Investigations | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Polyuria | Polydipsia | Polyphagia | Weight loss | Weight gain | Positive medical history | General appearance | Skin manifestations | Serum glucose | Urinary Glucose | Urine Ph | Serum Sodium | Urinary Glucose | 24 hrs cortisol level | C-peptide level | Auto antibodies | Serum glucagon | |
Type 1 Diabetes mellitus | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✖ | Usually patients are young and lean | ↑ | ↑ | N | N | ↑ | N | ↓ |
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Type 2 Diabetes mellitus | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✖ | ✔ | ✖ | Usually patients are middle age or elderly and obese | Acanthosis nigricans | ↑ | ↑ | N | N | ↑ | N | N | ||
MODY | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✖ | ↑ | ↑ | N | N | ↑ | N | N | |||||
Psychogenic polydipsia | ✔ | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | N | N | N | ↓ | N | N | N | ||||
Diabetes insipidus | ✔ | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | N | N | ↑ | N | N | N | |||||
Transient hyperglycemia | N | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | ✔ | ↑ | ↑ | N | ↑ | N | N | |||||
Steroid therapy | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | ✔ | ✔ | Acanthosis nigricans | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | ↑ | N | |||||
RTA 1 | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | ✔ | ✖ | ✖ | N | ↓ | ↑ | N | N | ||||||
Glucagonoma | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | ↑ | N | N | ↑ | |||||||||
Cushing | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | ✔ | ✖ | Moon face,
Obese and buffalo hump |
Acanthosis nigricans | ↑ | N | N/↑ | ↑ | N | ||||
Hypothyroidism | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | ✖ | ✔ | ✖ | N | N | N | N | N | ||||||