Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease physical examination: Difference between revisions
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{{Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease}} | {{Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[ | Physical examination is required for the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Physical examination findings of Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseasefindings include [[myoclonus]], [[Neurological examination|extrapyramidal signs]], akinetic mutism, and [[Neurological examination|visual or cerebellar signs]]<ref name="Rabinovici-2006">{{Cite journal | last1 = Rabinovici | first1 = GD. | last2 = Wang | first2 = PN. | last3 = Levin | first3 = J. | last4 = Cook | first4 = L. | last5 = Pravdin | first5 = M. | last6 = Davis | first6 = J. | last7 = DeArmond | first7 = SJ. | last8 = Barbaro | first8 = NM. | last9 = Martindale | first9 = J. | title = First symptom in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. | journal = Neurology | volume = 66 | issue = 2 | pages = 286-7 | month = Jan | year = 2006 | doi = 10.1212/01.wnl.0000196440.00297.67 | PMID = 16434680 }}</ref> | ||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
Revision as of 20:47, 17 March 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Physical examination is required for the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Physical examination findings of Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseasefindings include myoclonus, extrapyramidal signs, akinetic mutism, and visual or cerebellar signs[1]
Physical Examination
Neurologic
- Speech impairment
- Jerky movements (myoclonus)
- Balance and coordination dysfunction (ataxia)
- Gait disturbances
- Rigid posture
- Seizures
Diagnostic Criteria
Criteria for a Probable Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease is probable if following criteria are fulfilled:
- Rapidly progressive dementia plus at least any 2 of the following features
- Myoclonus
- Visual or cerebellar signs
- Pyramidal and/or extrapyramidal signs
- Akinetic mutism
PLUS
- Positive result on one of the following laboratory tests:
- Typical EEG (periodic sharp wave complexes) during an illness of any duration and/or
- A positive 14-3-3 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) assay in patients with a disease duration of less than 2 years and/or
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): high signal abnormalities in caudate nucleus and/or putamen on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) or fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR).
PLUS
- No alternative diagnosis is suspected on routine investigation.[2]
Criteria for a Possible Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Creutzfeldt Jakob disease is possible if following criteria are fulfilled:
- Rapidly progressive dementia plus at least any 2 of the following features
- Myoclonus
- Visual or cerebellar signs
- Pyramidal and/or extrapyramidal signs
- Akinetic mutism
PLUS
- Absence of a positive result for any of the three laboratory tests that would classify a case as probable (see above).
PLUS
- Duration of illness is less than two years.
PLUS
- No alternative diagnosis is suspected on routine investigation.[2]
References
- ↑ Rabinovici, GD.; Wang, PN.; Levin, J.; Cook, L.; Pravdin, M.; Davis, J.; DeArmond, SJ.; Barbaro, NM.; Martindale, J. (2006). "First symptom in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease". Neurology. 66 (2): 286–7. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000196440.00297.67. PMID 16434680. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ 2.0 2.1 "http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dvrd/cjd/diagnostic_criteria.html". Retrieved 17 February 2014. External link in
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