Constipation historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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{{Constipation}} | {{Constipation}} | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}}{{EG}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The Egyptian [[Ebers Papyrus|Ebers papyrus]], from 16th century BC, is the first book that presented a basic description for constipation. [[Ebers papyrus]] defined constipation as [[intoxication]] of body with hazardous agents from [[feces]] in [[bowels]]. In early 1900s, all-bran products first introduced to the [[Prevention|prevent]] and treatment of auto-[[Intoxication|intoxicated]] [[patients]] due to constipation. In 1970s and 1980s, Denis Burkitt an English [[surgeon]], claimed the [[hypothesis]] about [[dietary]] fibers followed by the definition of '''''"The Commonest Western disease"'''''. | |||
==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
* The Egyptian [[Ebers Papyrus|Ebers papyrus]], from 16th century BC, is the first book that presented a basic description for | * The Egyptian [[Ebers Papyrus|Ebers papyrus]], from 16th century BC, is the first book that presented a basic description for constipation. [[Ebers papyrus]] defined constipation as [[intoxication]] of body with hazardous agents from [[feces]] in [[bowels]].<ref>{{Citation | author1=Ebbell, B. (Bendix), 1865- | title=The Papyrus Ebers : the greatest Egyptian medical document | publication-date=1937 | publisher=Levin & Munksgaard | url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/26409288 | accessdate=14 November 2017}}</ref> | ||
* In 18th century, the personal [[physician]] of Louis XV in France, presented a similar definition as [[Ebers papyrus]]. He mentioned the | * In 18th century, the personal [[physician]] of Louis XV in France, presented a similar definition as [[Ebers papyrus]]. He mentioned the constipation as [[blood]] pollution with released [[toxins]] from remained wastes in the [[intestines]].<ref>{{Citation | ||
| title=Synopsis of the universal practice of medicine [electronic resource] : exhibiting a concise view of all diseases, both internal and external : illustrated with complete commentaries / by Joseph Lieutaud ; translated from the Latin by Edwin A. Atlee | | title=Synopsis of the universal practice of medicine [electronic resource] : exhibiting a concise view of all diseases, both internal and external : illustrated with complete commentaries / by Joseph Lieutaud ; translated from the Latin by Edwin A. Atlee | ||
| author1=Lieutaud, Joseph, 1703-1780 | | author1=Lieutaud, Joseph, 1703-1780 | ||
| Line 15: | Line 16: | ||
| language=English | | language=English | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
* In the beginning of 19th century, physicians believed that constipation was a disease of civilization and urban population was mostly involved with constipation.<ref name="pmid11124189">{{cite journal| author=Whorton J| title=Civilisation and the colon: constipation as the "disease of diseases". | journal=BMJ | year= 2000 | volume= 321 | issue= 7276 | pages= 1586-9 | pmid=11124189 | doi= | pmc=1119264 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11124189 }}</ref> | * In the beginning of 19th century, [[physicians]] believed that constipation was a [[disease]] of civilization and urban population was mostly involved with constipation.<ref name="pmid11124189">{{cite journal| author=Whorton J| title=Civilisation and the colon: constipation as the "disease of diseases". | journal=BMJ | year= 2000 | volume= 321 | issue= 7276 | pages= 1586-9 | pmid=11124189 | doi= | pmc=1119264 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11124189 }}</ref> | ||
* In 1850s, an American health manual revealed that "daily emptying the bowels is of the utmost importance in being healthy". Daily bowel movement was also suggested to prevent derangement and disturbance in body.<ref>{{Citation | * In 1850s, an American health manual revealed that "daily emptying the [[bowels]] is of the utmost importance in being [[healthy]]". Daily [[bowel]] movement was also suggested to prevent derangement and disturbance in body.<ref>{{Citation | ||
| title=People's medical lighthouse; a series of popular and scientific essays. | | title=People's medical lighthouse; a series of popular and scientific essays. | ||
| author1=Root, Harmon Knox | | author1=Root, Harmon Knox | ||
| Line 23: | Line 24: | ||
| language=English | | language=English | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
* In 1906, Charles Bouchard, a French physician proposed the "'''''auto-intoxication theory'''''", constipated person is continuously try to suicide by intoxication with toxins which are produced by remained feces in his intestine.<ref>{{Citation | * In 1906, Charles Bouchard, a French [[physician]] proposed the "'''''auto-[[intoxication]] theory'''''", constipated person is continuously try to [[suicide]] by [[intoxication]] with [[toxins]] which are produced by remained [[feces]] in his [[intestine]].<ref>{{Citation | ||
| title=Lectures on Auto-Intoxication in Disease: Or, Self-Poisoning of the Individual | | title=Lectures on Auto-Intoxication in Disease: Or, Self-Poisoning of the Individual | ||
| author1=Bouchard, Charles | | author1=Bouchard, Charles | ||
| Line 30: | Line 31: | ||
| language=English | | language=English | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
* In 1923, William Walsh, an American physician, mentioned that not all the symptoms and severity of constipation related to poisons released from remained feces in bowels.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Conquest of Constipation.|journal=JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association|volume=81|issue=2|year=1923|pages=158|issn=0098-7484|doi=10.1001/jama.1923.02650020076035}}</ref> | * In 1923, William Walsh, an American [[physician]], mentioned that not all the symptoms and severity of constipation related to [[poisons]] released from remained [[feces]] in [[bowels]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Conquest of Constipation.|journal=JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association|volume=81|issue=2|year=1923|pages=158|issn=0098-7484|doi=10.1001/jama.1923.02650020076035}}</ref> | ||
* In 1928, Charles Campbell, an American physician, postulated that remained wastes in colon are decomposing and may make the body full of poisons.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Lazy Colon. Newer Methods and Latest Advances of Science in the Treatment of Constipation.|journal=JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association|volume=90|issue=26|year=1928|pages=2134|issn=0098-7484|doi=10.1001/jama.1928.02690530062033}}</ref> | * In 1924, Arbuthnot Lane, a British [[physician]], pointed out the relation between [[colon cancer]] and constipation. Lane presented that “'''''the whiter your bread, the sooner you're dead'''''”.<ref name="pmid20766844" /> | ||
* In 1928, Victor Paucher, a French internist, suggested that stasis of feces in bowels make their poisons secreted into blood and creates "Sewer-like blood".<ref>{{Citation | * In 1928, Charles Campbell, an American [[physician]], postulated that remained wastes in [[colon]] are decomposing and may make the body full of [[poisons]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Lazy Colon. Newer Methods and Latest Advances of Science in the Treatment of Constipation.|journal=JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association|volume=90|issue=26|year=1928|pages=2134|issn=0098-7484|doi=10.1001/jama.1928.02690530062033}}</ref> | ||
* In 1928, Victor Paucher, a French [[internist]], suggested that stasis of [[feces]] in [[bowels]] make their [[poisons]] secreted into [[blood]] and creates "Sewer-like blood".<ref>{{Citation | |||
| title=The trainers bible | | title=The trainers bible | ||
| author1=Bilik, Samuel Ernest | | author1=Bilik, Samuel Ernest | ||
| Line 39: | Line 41: | ||
| language=English | | language=English | ||
}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
== Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies == | |||
* In early 1900s, all-bran products first introduced to the [[Prevention|prevent]] and treatment of auto-[[Intoxication|intoxicated]] [[patients]] due to constipation.<ref name="pmid11124189" /> | |||
* In early 1900s, yeasts were also postulated to prevent the constipation and following auto-[[intoxication]], when introduced in the yogurt.<ref name="pmid11124189" /> | |||
* In 1900, [[Phenolphthalein]] was introduced as strong [[laxative]] for children. [[Phenolphthalein]] quickly claimed as the best [[laxative]] through maneuvering about auto-[[intoxication]].<ref name="pmid20766844">{{cite journal| author=Lane WA| title=An Address ON CHRONIC INTESTINAL STASIS: Delivered at the North-East London Post-Graduate College. | journal=Br Med J | year= 1913 | volume= 2 | issue= 2757 | pages= 1125-8 | pmid=20766844 | doi= | pmc=2346322 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20766844 }}</ref> | |||
* From 1900 to 1920, Arbuthnot Lane, a British [[physician]], revealed that maintaining the normal human "drainage scheme" is the main treatment for constipation.<ref name="pmid20766844" /> | |||
* In 1970s and 1980s, Denis Burkitt an English [[surgeon]], claimed the [[hypothesis]] about [[dietary]] fibers followed by the definition of '''''"The Commonest Western disease"'''''.<ref>{{cite book | last = Burkitt | first = D. P. | title = Western diseases, their emergence and prevention | publisher = Harvard University Press | location = Cambridge, Mass | year = 1981 | isbn = 978-0674950207 }}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 18:02, 15 November 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]
Overview
The Egyptian Ebers papyrus, from 16th century BC, is the first book that presented a basic description for constipation. Ebers papyrus defined constipation as intoxication of body with hazardous agents from feces in bowels. In early 1900s, all-bran products first introduced to the prevent and treatment of auto-intoxicated patients due to constipation. In 1970s and 1980s, Denis Burkitt an English surgeon, claimed the hypothesis about dietary fibers followed by the definition of "The Commonest Western disease".
Historical Perspective
- The Egyptian Ebers papyrus, from 16th century BC, is the first book that presented a basic description for constipation. Ebers papyrus defined constipation as intoxication of body with hazardous agents from feces in bowels.[1]
- In 18th century, the personal physician of Louis XV in France, presented a similar definition as Ebers papyrus. He mentioned the constipation as blood pollution with released toxins from remained wastes in the intestines.[2]
- In the beginning of 19th century, physicians believed that constipation was a disease of civilization and urban population was mostly involved with constipation.[3]
- In 1850s, an American health manual revealed that "daily emptying the bowels is of the utmost importance in being healthy". Daily bowel movement was also suggested to prevent derangement and disturbance in body.[4]
- In 1906, Charles Bouchard, a French physician proposed the "auto-intoxication theory", constipated person is continuously try to suicide by intoxication with toxins which are produced by remained feces in his intestine.[5]
- In 1923, William Walsh, an American physician, mentioned that not all the symptoms and severity of constipation related to poisons released from remained feces in bowels.[6]
- In 1924, Arbuthnot Lane, a British physician, pointed out the relation between colon cancer and constipation. Lane presented that “the whiter your bread, the sooner you're dead”.[7]
- In 1928, Charles Campbell, an American physician, postulated that remained wastes in colon are decomposing and may make the body full of poisons.[8]
- In 1928, Victor Paucher, a French internist, suggested that stasis of feces in bowels make their poisons secreted into blood and creates "Sewer-like blood".[9]
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
- In early 1900s, all-bran products first introduced to the prevent and treatment of auto-intoxicated patients due to constipation.[3]
- In early 1900s, yeasts were also postulated to prevent the constipation and following auto-intoxication, when introduced in the yogurt.[3]
- In 1900, Phenolphthalein was introduced as strong laxative for children. Phenolphthalein quickly claimed as the best laxative through maneuvering about auto-intoxication.[7]
- From 1900 to 1920, Arbuthnot Lane, a British physician, revealed that maintaining the normal human "drainage scheme" is the main treatment for constipation.[7]
- In 1970s and 1980s, Denis Burkitt an English surgeon, claimed the hypothesis about dietary fibers followed by the definition of "The Commonest Western disease".[10]
References
- ↑ Ebbell, B. (Bendix), 1865- (1937), The Papyrus Ebers : the greatest Egyptian medical document, Levin & Munksgaard, retrieved 14 November 2017
- ↑ Lieutaud, Joseph, 1703-1780; Atlee, Edwin Augustus, 1776-1852 (1816), Synopsis of the universal practice of medicine [electronic resource] : exhibiting a concise view of all diseases, both internal and external : illustrated with complete commentaries / by Joseph Lieutaud ; translated from the Latin by Edwin A. Atlee, Edward and Richard Parker
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Whorton J (2000). "Civilisation and the colon: constipation as the "disease of diseases"". BMJ. 321 (7276): 1586–9. PMC 1119264. PMID 11124189.
- ↑ Root, Harmon Knox (1854), People's medical lighthouse; a series of popular and scientific essays., New York, Ranney
- ↑ Bouchard, Charles (1906), Lectures on Auto-Intoxication in Disease: Or, Self-Poisoning of the Individual, Philadelphia, F. A. Davis Company
- ↑ "The Conquest of Constipation". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 81 (2): 158. 1923. doi:10.1001/jama.1923.02650020076035. ISSN 0098-7484.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Lane WA (1913). "An Address ON CHRONIC INTESTINAL STASIS: Delivered at the North-East London Post-Graduate College". Br Med J. 2 (2757): 1125–8. PMC 2346322. PMID 20766844.
- ↑ "The Lazy Colon. Newer Methods and Latest Advances of Science in the Treatment of Constipation". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association. 90 (26): 2134. 1928. doi:10.1001/jama.1928.02690530062033. ISSN 0098-7484.
- ↑ Bilik, Samuel Ernest (1928), The trainers bible, New York city, Athletic trainers supply Co.
- ↑ Burkitt, D. P. (1981). Western diseases, their emergence and prevention. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0674950207.