CDKN2C

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2C (p18, inhibits CDK4)
PDB rendering based on 1bu9.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1bu9​, 1g3n​, 1ihb​, 1mx2​, 1mx4​, 1mx6​
Identifiers
Symbols	CDKN2C ; INK4C; p18; p18-INK4C
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 966
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2C (p18, inhibits CDK4), also known as CDKN2C, is a human gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the INK4 family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. This protein has been shown to interact with CDK4 or CDK6, and prevent the activation of the CDK kinases, thus function as a cell growth regulator that controls cell cycle G1 progression. Ectopic expression of this gene was shown to suppress the growth of human cells in a manner that appears to correlate with the presence of a wild-type RB1 function. Studies in the knockout mice suggested the roles of this gene in regulating spermatogenesis, as well as in suppressing tumorigenesis. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene, which encode an identical protein, have been reported.

Further reading

• Guan KL, Jenkins CW, Li Y; et al. (1995). "Growth suppression by p18, a p16INK4/MTS1- and p14INK4B/MTS2-related CDK6 inhibitor, correlates with wild-type pRb function". Genes Dev. 8 (24): 2939–52. PMID 8001816.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Serrano M, Hannon GJ, Beach D (1994). "A new regulatory motif in cell-cycle control causing specific inhibition of cyclin D/CDK4". Nature. 366 (6456): 704–7. doi:10.1038/366704a0. PMID 8259215.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Ghosh PK, Anderson J, Cohen N; et al. (1993). "Expression of the leukemia-associated gene, p18, in normal and malignant tissues; inactivation of expression in a patient with cleaved B cell lymphoma/leukemia". Oncogene. 8 (10): 2869–72. PMID 8397372.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Simos G, Maison C, Georgatos SD (1996). "Characterization of p18, a component of the lamin B receptor complex and a new integral membrane protein of the avian erythrocyte nuclear envelope". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (21): 12617–25. PMID 8647873.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Ragione FD, Russo GL, Oliva A; et al. (1996). "Biochemical characterization of p16INK4- and p18-containing complexes in human cell lines". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (27): 15942–9. PMID 8663131.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Lapointe J, Lachance Y, Labrie Y, Labrie C (1996). "A p18 mutant defective in CDK6 binding in human breast cancer cells". Cancer Res. 56 (20): 4586–9. PMID 8840966.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Venkataramani R, Swaminathan K, Marmorstein R (1998). "Crystal structure of the CDK4/6 inhibitory protein p18INK4c provides insights into ankyrin-like repeat structure/function and tumor-derived p16INK4 mutations". Nat. Struct. Biol. 5 (1): 74–81. PMID 9437433.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Fåhraeus R, Laín S, Ball KL, Lane DP (1998). "Characterization of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitory domain of the INK4 family as a model for a synthetic tumour suppressor molecule". Oncogene. 16 (5): 587–96. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1201580. PMID 9482104.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Iolascon A, Giordani L, Moretti A; et al. (1998). "Analysis of CDKN2A, CDKN2B, CDKN2C, and cyclin Ds gene status in hepatoblastoma". Hepatology. 27 (4): 989–95. doi:10.1002/hep.510270414. PMID 9537438.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Blais A, Labrie Y, Pouliot F; et al. (1998). "Structure of the gene encoding the human cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p18 and mutational analysis in breast cancer". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 247 (1): 146–53. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1998.8497. PMID 9636670.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Noh SJ, Li Y, Xiong Y, Guan KL (1999). "Identification of functional elements of p18INK4C essential for binding and inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 and CDK6". Cancer Res. 59 (3): 558–64. PMID 9973200.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Li J, Byeon IJ, Ericson K; et al. (1999). "Tumor suppressor INK4: determination of the solution structure of p18INK4C and demonstration of the functional significance of loops in p18INK4C and p16INK4A". Biochemistry. 38 (10): 2930–40. doi:10.1021/bi982286e. PMID 10074345.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Schreiber M, Muller WJ, Singh G, Graham FL (1999). "Comparison of the effectiveness of adenovirus vectors expressing cyclin kinase inhibitors p16INK4A, p18INK4C, p19INK4D, p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p27KIP1 in inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and inhibition of tumorigenicity". Oncogene. 18 (9): 1663–76. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202466. PMID 10208428.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Dias Neto E, Correa RG, Verjovski-Almeida S; et al. (2000). "Shotgun sequencing of the human transcriptome with ORF expressed sequence tags". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (7): 3491–6. PMID 10737800.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Korshunov A, Golanov A (2002). "Immunohistochemical analysis of p18INK4C and p14ARF protein expression in 117 oligodendrogliomas: correlation with tumor grade and clinical outcome". Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 126 (1): 42–8. PMID 11800646.
• Blais A, Monté D, Pouliot F, Labrie C (2002). "Regulation of the human cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p18INK4c by the transcription factors E2F1 and Sp1". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (35): 31679–93. doi:10.1074/jbc.M204554200. PMID 12077144.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Arcellana-Panlilio MY, Egeler RM, Ujack E; et al. (2002). "Evidence of a role for the INK4 family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in ovarian granulosa cell tumors". Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 35 (2): 176–81. doi:10.1002/gcc.10108. PMID 12203782.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Komata T, Kanzawa T, Takeuchi H; et al. (2004). "Antitumour effect of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (p16(INK4A), p18(INK4C), p19(INK4D), p21(WAF1/CIP1) and p27(KIP1)) on malignant glioma cells". Br. J. Cancer. 88 (8): 1277–80. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6600862. PMID 12698196.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Sánchez-Aguilera A, Delgado J, Camacho FI; et al. (2004). "Silencing of the p18INK4c gene by promoter hypermethylation in Reed-Sternberg cells in Hodgkin lymphomas". Blood. 103 (6): 2351–7. doi:10.1182/blood-2003-07-2356. PMID 14645011.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)