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== Definition==
== Definition==
[[Atrial flutter]] is an abnormal heart rhythm that occurs in the [[atria]] of the [[heart]].
[[Atrial flutter]] is a reenterant arrhythmia with atrial rates between 250 and 340/min.


==Causes==
==Causes==

Revision as of 21:28, 26 November 2013

File:Critical Pathways.gif

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hilda Mahmoudi M.D., M.P.H.[2]

Definition

Atrial flutter is a reenterant arrhythmia with atrial rates between 250 and 340/min.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

Management

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the approach to atrial flutter.[3]

 
 
 
 
 
 
Atrial flutter
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unstable
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stable
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CHF, shock, acute MI
 
 
 
Rate control:
AV-nodal blockers
 
 
 
 
 
 
Conversion
DC cardioversion
Atrial pacing
Pharmacological conversion
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DC cardioversion
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If therapy for prevention of recurrences warranted
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Antiarrhythmic drugs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Catheter ablation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Management of atrial flutter depending on hemodynamic stability.
Attempts to electively revert atrial flutter to sinus rhythm should be preceded and followed by anticoagulant precautions, as per AF.
AV indicates atrioventricular; DC, direct current.
Algorithm based on the 2003 ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of supraventricular arrhythmias.[3]

References

  1. Gutierrez SD, Earing MG, Singh AK, Tweddell JS, Bartz PJ (2012). "Atrial Tachyarrhythmias and the Cox-maze Procedure in Congenital Heart Disease". Congenit Heart Dis. doi:10.1111/chd.12031. PMID 23280242. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. Granada, J.; Uribe, W.; Chyou, PH.; Maassen, K.; Vierkant, R.; Smith, PN.; Hayes, J.; Eaker, E.; Vidaillet, H. (2000). "Incidence and predictors of atrial flutter in the general population". J Am Coll Cardiol. 36 (7): 2242–6. PMID 11127467. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  3. 3.0 3.1 "ACC/AHA/ESC Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Supraventricular Arrhythmias—Executive Summary". Retrieved 15 August 2013.


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