Atopic dermatitis risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Atopic dermatitis is a multifactorial, chronic inflammatory skin disease as a result of interactions between various genetic, immune and environmental factors. | Atopic dermatitis is a multifactorial, [[chronic]] inflammatory skin disease as a result of interactions between various [[Genetics|genetic]], [[immune]] and environmental factors. | ||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
The most potent risk factor in the development of atopic dermatitis is family history or personal history of [[atopy]]. | The most potent risk factor in the development of atopic dermatitis is [[family history]] or personal history of [[atopy]]. | ||
===Common Risk Factors=== | ===Common Risk Factors=== | ||
*Common risk factors in the development of atopic dermatitis include: | *Common risk factors in the development of atopic dermatitis include: | ||
**Family history of atopic dermatitis or other atopy<ref name="pmid19785611">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wen HJ, Chen PC, Chiang TL, Lin SJ, Chuang YL, Guo YL |title=Predicting risk for early infantile atopic dermatitis by hereditary and environmental factors |journal=Br. J. Dermatol. |volume=161 |issue=5 |pages=1166–72 |date=November 2009 |pmid=19785611 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09412.x |url=}}</ref> | **Family history of atopic dermatitis or other [[atopy]]<ref name="pmid19785611">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wen HJ, Chen PC, Chiang TL, Lin SJ, Chuang YL, Guo YL |title=Predicting risk for early infantile atopic dermatitis by hereditary and environmental factors |journal=Br. J. Dermatol. |volume=161 |issue=5 |pages=1166–72 |date=November 2009 |pmid=19785611 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09412.x |url=}}</ref> | ||
***70% of atopic dermatitis patients have a positive family history of atopic diseases | ***70% of atopic dermatitis patients have a positive family history of atopic diseases | ||
***Risk of developing atopic dermatitis is 2- to 3-fold higher in children with 1 atopic parent<ref name="pmid2353830">{{cite journal |vauthors=Küster W, Petersen M, Christophers E, Goos M, Sterry W |title=A family study of atopic dermatitis. Clinical and genetic characteristics of 188 patients and 2,151 family members |journal=Arch. Dermatol. Res. |volume=282 |issue=2 |pages=98–102 |date=1990 |pmid=2353830 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ***Risk of developing atopic dermatitis is 2- to 3-fold higher in children with 1 atopic parent<ref name="pmid2353830">{{cite journal |vauthors=Küster W, Petersen M, Christophers E, Goos M, Sterry W |title=A family study of atopic dermatitis. Clinical and genetic characteristics of 188 patients and 2,151 family members |journal=Arch. Dermatol. Res. |volume=282 |issue=2 |pages=98–102 |date=1990 |pmid=2353830 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
***Risk of developing atopic dermatitis is 3- to 5-fold higher in children with both atopic parents.<ref name="pmid23538302">{{cite journal |vauthors=Küster W, Petersen M, Christophers E, Goos M, Sterry W |title=A family study of atopic dermatitis. Clinical and genetic characteristics of 188 patients and 2,151 family members |journal=Arch. Dermatol. Res. |volume=282 |issue=2 |pages=98–102 |date=1990 |pmid=2353830 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ***Risk of developing atopic dermatitis is 3- to 5-fold higher in children with both atopic parents.<ref name="pmid23538302">{{cite journal |vauthors=Küster W, Petersen M, Christophers E, Goos M, Sterry W |title=A family study of atopic dermatitis. Clinical and genetic characteristics of 188 patients and 2,151 family members |journal=Arch. Dermatol. Res. |volume=282 |issue=2 |pages=98–102 |date=1990 |pmid=2353830 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Loss of function mutations in the ''[[filaggrin]]'' ([[Filaggrin|''FLG'') gene]]<ref name="pmid16550169">{{cite journal |vauthors=Palmer CN, Irvine AD, Terron-Kwiatkowski A, Zhao Y, Liao H, Lee SP, Goudie DR, Sandilands A, Campbell LE, Smith FJ, O'Regan GM, Watson RM, Cecil JE, Bale SJ, Compton JG, DiGiovanna JJ, Fleckman P, Lewis-Jones S, Arseculeratne G, Sergeant A, Munro CS, El Houate B, McElreavey K, Halkjaer LB, Bisgaard H, Mukhopadhyay S, McLean WH |title=Common loss-of-function variants of the epidermal barrier protein filaggrin are a major predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=441–6 |date=April 2006 |pmid=16550169 |doi=10.1038/ng1767 |url=}}</ref> | **Loss of function [[mutations]] in the ''[[filaggrin]]'' ([[Filaggrin|''FLG'') gene]]<ref name="pmid16550169">{{cite journal |vauthors=Palmer CN, Irvine AD, Terron-Kwiatkowski A, Zhao Y, Liao H, Lee SP, Goudie DR, Sandilands A, Campbell LE, Smith FJ, O'Regan GM, Watson RM, Cecil JE, Bale SJ, Compton JG, DiGiovanna JJ, Fleckman P, Lewis-Jones S, Arseculeratne G, Sergeant A, Munro CS, El Houate B, McElreavey K, Halkjaer LB, Bisgaard H, Mukhopadhyay S, McLean WH |title=Common loss-of-function variants of the epidermal barrier protein filaggrin are a major predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=441–6 |date=April 2006 |pmid=16550169 |doi=10.1038/ng1767 |url=}}</ref> | ||
***Risk for earlier-onset atopic dermatitis | ***Risk for earlier-onset atopic dermatitis | ||
***Risk for severe and persistent atopic dermatitis | ***Risk for severe and persistent atopic dermatitis | ||
**Personal history of [[atopy]] ( | **Personal history of [[atopy]] ([[asthma]], [[allergic rhinitis]], [[food allergy]])<ref name="pmid20579595">{{cite journal |vauthors=Suh KY |title=Food allergy and atopic dermatitis: separating fact from fiction |journal=Semin Cutan Med Surg |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=72–8 |date=June 2010 |pmid=20579595 |doi=10.1016/j.sder.2010.03.007 |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Less Common Risk Factors=== | ===Less Common Risk Factors=== | ||
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**Higher level of parental education<ref name="pmid20444159">{{cite journal |vauthors=Weber AS, Haidinger G |title=The prevalence of atopic dermatitis in children is influenced by their parents' education: results of two cross-sectional studies conducted in Upper Austria |journal=Pediatr Allergy Immunol |volume=21 |issue=7 |pages=1028–35 |date=November 2010 |pmid=20444159 |doi=10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01030.x |url=}}</ref> | **Higher level of parental education<ref name="pmid20444159">{{cite journal |vauthors=Weber AS, Haidinger G |title=The prevalence of atopic dermatitis in children is influenced by their parents' education: results of two cross-sectional studies conducted in Upper Austria |journal=Pediatr Allergy Immunol |volume=21 |issue=7 |pages=1028–35 |date=November 2010 |pmid=20444159 |doi=10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01030.x |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Living in urban areas<ref name="pmid20331459">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schram ME, Tedja AM, Spijker R, Bos JD, Williams HC, Spuls PI |title=Is there a rural/urban gradient in the prevalence of eczema? A systematic review |journal=Br. J. Dermatol. |volume=162 |issue=5 |pages=964–73 |date=May 2010 |pmid=20331459 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09689.x |url=}}</ref> | **Living in urban areas<ref name="pmid20331459">{{cite journal |vauthors=Schram ME, Tedja AM, Spijker R, Bos JD, Williams HC, Spuls PI |title=Is there a rural/urban gradient in the prevalence of eczema? A systematic review |journal=Br. J. Dermatol. |volume=162 |issue=5 |pages=964–73 |date=May 2010 |pmid=20331459 |doi=10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09689.x |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Exposure to antibiotics in infancy<ref name="pmid23782060">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tsakok T, McKeever TM, Yeo L, Flohr C |title=Does early life exposure to antibiotics increase the risk of eczema? A systematic review |journal=Br. J. Dermatol. |volume=169 |issue=5 |pages=983–91 |date=November 2013 |pmid=23782060 |doi=10.1111/bjd.12476 |url=}}</ref> | **Exposure to antibiotics in [[infancy]]<ref name="pmid23782060">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tsakok T, McKeever TM, Yeo L, Flohr C |title=Does early life exposure to antibiotics increase the risk of eczema? A systematic review |journal=Br. J. Dermatol. |volume=169 |issue=5 |pages=983–91 |date=November 2013 |pmid=23782060 |doi=10.1111/bjd.12476 |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Colder climates with low humidity | **Colder climates with low [[humidity]] | ||
Revision as of 16:27, 17 October 2018
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Atopic dermatitis is a multifactorial, chronic inflammatory skin disease as a result of interactions between various genetic, immune and environmental factors.
Risk Factors
The most potent risk factor in the development of atopic dermatitis is family history or personal history of atopy.
Common Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of atopic dermatitis include:
Less Common Risk Factors
- Less common risk factors in the development of atopic dermatitis include:
References
- ↑ Wen HJ, Chen PC, Chiang TL, Lin SJ, Chuang YL, Guo YL (November 2009). "Predicting risk for early infantile atopic dermatitis by hereditary and environmental factors". Br. J. Dermatol. 161 (5): 1166–72. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09412.x. PMID 19785611.
- ↑ Küster W, Petersen M, Christophers E, Goos M, Sterry W (1990). "A family study of atopic dermatitis. Clinical and genetic characteristics of 188 patients and 2,151 family members". Arch. Dermatol. Res. 282 (2): 98–102. PMID 2353830.
- ↑ Küster W, Petersen M, Christophers E, Goos M, Sterry W (1990). "A family study of atopic dermatitis. Clinical and genetic characteristics of 188 patients and 2,151 family members". Arch. Dermatol. Res. 282 (2): 98–102. PMID 2353830.
- ↑ Palmer CN, Irvine AD, Terron-Kwiatkowski A, Zhao Y, Liao H, Lee SP, Goudie DR, Sandilands A, Campbell LE, Smith FJ, O'Regan GM, Watson RM, Cecil JE, Bale SJ, Compton JG, DiGiovanna JJ, Fleckman P, Lewis-Jones S, Arseculeratne G, Sergeant A, Munro CS, El Houate B, McElreavey K, Halkjaer LB, Bisgaard H, Mukhopadhyay S, McLean WH (April 2006). "Common loss-of-function variants of the epidermal barrier protein filaggrin are a major predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis". Nat. Genet. 38 (4): 441–6. doi:10.1038/ng1767. PMID 16550169.
- ↑ Suh KY (June 2010). "Food allergy and atopic dermatitis: separating fact from fiction". Semin Cutan Med Surg. 29 (2): 72–8. doi:10.1016/j.sder.2010.03.007. PMID 20579595.
- ↑ Perkin MR, Craven J, Logan K, Strachan D, Marrs T, Radulovic S, Campbell LE, MacCallum SF, McLean WH, Lack G, Flohr C (August 2016). "Association between domestic water hardness, chlorine, and atopic dermatitis risk in early life: A population-based cross-sectional study". J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 138 (2): 509–16. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2016.03.031. PMID 27241890.
- ↑ Weber AS, Haidinger G (November 2010). "The prevalence of atopic dermatitis in children is influenced by their parents' education: results of two cross-sectional studies conducted in Upper Austria". Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 21 (7): 1028–35. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01030.x. PMID 20444159.
- ↑ Schram ME, Tedja AM, Spijker R, Bos JD, Williams HC, Spuls PI (May 2010). "Is there a rural/urban gradient in the prevalence of eczema? A systematic review". Br. J. Dermatol. 162 (5): 964–73. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09689.x. PMID 20331459.
- ↑ Tsakok T, McKeever TM, Yeo L, Flohr C (November 2013). "Does early life exposure to antibiotics increase the risk of eczema? A systematic review". Br. J. Dermatol. 169 (5): 983–91. doi:10.1111/bjd.12476. PMID 23782060.