Acute liver failure (patient information)

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Jinhui Wu, MD

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What is acute liver failure?

How do I know if I have acute liver failure and what are the symptoms of acute liver failure?

The initial symptoms of liver failure are difficult to diagnose because they can be due to any conditions. However, as liver failure progresses, the symptoms become more serious. Signs and symptoms of acute liver failure may include:

Who is at risk for acute liver failure?

  • Drug-related hepatotoxicity due to acetaminophen and idiosyncratic drug reactions is the most common cause of acute liver failure in the United States.
  • Viruses infectious diseases
  • Vascular diseases
  • Autoimmune disease
  • Metabolic diseases
  • Malignancy
  • Long term alcohol consumption

How to know you have acute liver failure?

  • Complete blood cell (CBC) count, PT and/or international normalized ratio (INR): These tests may indicate thrombocytopenia and measures how long it takes for your blood to clot. If you have acute liver failure, your blood doesn't clot as quickly as it should.
  • Hepatic enzymes: This test is to determine how well your liver function is.
  • Serum bilirubin, ammonia, glucose, lactate, creatinine.
  • Arterial blood gases (ABGs): These may reveal hypoxemia.
  • Viral serologies
  • Acetaminophen level
  • Abdominal CT or MRI scan and biopsy: CT or MRI scans are often used to diagnose acute liver failure. These scans can also be used to guide biopsy and a biopsy sample is usually removed and looked at under a microscope. Tests of the liver tissue may help your doctor understand why your liver is failing.

When to seek urgent medical care?

Treatment options

Diseases with similar symptoms

Where to find medical care for acute liver failure?

Directions to Hospitals Treating acute liver failure

Prevention of acute liver failure

What to expect (Outook/Prognosis)?

Copyleft Sources

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/177354-overview

http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/liver-failure/DS00961

http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/digestive-diseases-liver-failure

http://www.utdol.com/patients/content/topic.do?topicKey=~4RRbR6AXciyhmE#H1

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