Ankle fracture

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Jumana Nagarwala, M.D., Senior Staff Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital and Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

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Overview

Weber Classification

Uses the position of the level of the fibular fracture in its relationship to its height at the ankle joint.

Type A: fracture below the ankle joint
Type B: fracture at the level of the joint, with the tibiofibular ligaments usually intact
Type C: fracture above the joint level which tears the syndesmotic ligaments.

Lauge-Hansen Classification

Uses 2 words descriptors. The first word describes the position of the foot, the second word describes the motion of the foot (talus) with respect to the leg.

Supination-Adduction (Weber A)
Supination-External rotation (Weber B)
- Stage 1: the anteroinferior tibiofibular ligament is torn or avulsed
- Stage 2: the talus displaces and fractures the fibula in an oblique or spiral fracture, starting at the joint.
- Stage 3: tear of the posteroinferior tibiofibular ligament or fracture posterior malleolus
- Stage 4: tear of the deltoid ligament or transverse fracture medial malleolus
Pronation-Abduction (Weber C)
Pronation-External rotation (Weber C)
Pronation-Dorsiflexion (Weber C)