PEG10

Paternally expressed 10
Identifiers
Symbols	PEG10 ; Edr; HB-1; KIAA1051; MEF3L; Mar2; Mart2; RGAG3
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 9009
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
File:PBB GE PEG10 212092 at tn.png
File:PBB GE PEG10 212094 at tn.png
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Paternally expressed 10, also known as PEG10, is a human gene.

This gene includes two overlapping reading frames of the same transcript encoding distinct isoforms. The shorter isoform has a CCHC-type zinc finger motif containing a sequence characteristic of gag proteins of most retroviruses and some retrotransposons, and it functions in part by interacting with members of the TGF-beta receptor family. The longer isoform has the active-site DSG consensus sequence of the protease domain of pol proteins. The longer isoform is the result of -1 translational frameshifting that is also seen in some retroviruses. Expression of these two isoforms only comes from the paternal allele due to imprinting. Increased gene expression (as observed by an increase in mRNA levels) is associated with hepatocellular carcinomas.

Further reading

• Andersson B, Wentland MA, Ricafrente JY; et al. (1996). "A "double adaptor" method for improved shotgun library construction". Anal. Biochem. 236 (1): 107–13. doi:10.1006/abio.1996.0138. PMID 8619474.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Yu W, Andersson B, Worley KC; et al. (1997). "Large-scale concatenation cDNA sequencing". Genome Res. 7 (4): 353–8. PMID 9110174.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kikuno R, Nagase T, Ishikawa K; et al. (1999). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. XIV. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Res. 6 (3): 197–205. PMID 10470851.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Volff J, Körting C, Schartl M (2001). "Ty3/Gypsy retrotransposon fossils in mammalian genomes: did they evolve into new cellular functions?". Mol. Biol. Evol. 18 (2): 266–70. PMID 11158386.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Ono R, Kobayashi S, Wagatsuma H; et al. (2001). "A retrotransposon-derived gene, PEG10, is a novel imprinted gene located on human chromosome 7q21". Genomics. 73 (2): 232–7. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6494. PMID 11318613.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Shigemoto K, Brennan J, Walls E; et al. (2001). "Identification and characterisation of a developmentally regulated mammalian gene that utilises -1 programmed ribosomal frameshifting". Nucleic Acids Res. 29 (19): 4079–88. PMID 11574691.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH; et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Smallwood A, Papageorghiou A, Nicolaides K; et al. (2004). "Temporal regulation of the expression of syncytin (HERV-W), maternally imprinted PEG10, and SGCE in human placenta". Biol. Reprod. 69 (1): 286–93. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.102.013078. PMID 12620933.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Okabe H, Satoh S, Furukawa Y; et al. (2003). "Involvement of PEG10 in human hepatocellular carcinogenesis through interaction with SIAH1". Cancer Res. 63 (12): 3043–8. PMID 12810624.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hillier LW, Fulton RS, Fulton LA; et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7". Nature. 424 (6945): 157–64. doi:10.1038/nature01782. PMID 12853948.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Tsou AP, Chuang YC, Su JY; et al. (2004). "Overexpression of a novel imprinted gene, PEG10, in human hepatocellular carcinoma and in regenerating mouse livers". J. Biomed. Sci. 10 (6 Pt 1): 625–35. doi:10.1159/000073528. PMID 14576465.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M; et al. (2004). "Sequence comparison of human and mouse genes reveals a homologous block structure in the promoter regions". Genome Res. 14 (9): 1711–8. doi:10.1101/gr.2435604. PMID 15342556.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Lux A, Beil C, Majety M; et al. (2005). "Human retroviral gag- and gag-pol-like proteins interact with the transforming growth factor-beta receptor activin receptor-like kinase 1". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (9): 8482–93. doi:10.1074/jbc.M409197200. PMID 15611116.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Brandt J, Schrauth S, Veith AM; et al. (2005). "Transposable elements as a source of genetic innovation: expression and evolution of a family of retrotransposon-derived neogenes in mammals". Gene. 345 (1): 101–11. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2004.11.022. PMID 15716091.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Manktelow E, Shigemoto K, Brierley I (2005). "Characterization of the frameshift signal of Edr, a mammalian example of programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting". Nucleic Acids Res. 33 (5): 1553–63. doi:10.1093/nar/gki299. PMID 15767280.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• He H, Olesnanik K, Nagy R; et al. (2005). "Allelic variation in gene expression in thyroid tissue". Thyroid. 15 (7): 660–7. doi:10.1089/thy.2005.15.660. PMID 16053381.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Brandt J, Veith AM, Volff JN (2005). "A family of neofunctionalized Ty3/gypsy retrotransposon genes in mammalian genomes". Cytogenet. Genome Res. 110 (1–4): 307–17. doi:10.1159/000084963. PMID 16093683.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hu C, Xiong J, Zhang L; et al. (2006). "PEG10 activation by co-stimulation of CXCR5 and CCR7 essentially contributes to resistance to apoptosis in CD19+CD34+ B cells from patients with B cell lineage acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia". Cell. Mol. Immunol. 1 (4): 280–94. PMID 16225771.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kimura K, Wakamatsu A, Suzuki Y; et al. (2006). "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Res. 16 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMID 16344560.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Li CM, Margolin AA, Salas M; et al. (2006). "PEG10 is a c-MYC target gene in cancer cells". Cancer Res. 66 (2): 665–72. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1553. PMID 16423995.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)