CIITA

Class II, major histocompatibility complex, transactivator
Identifiers
Symbols	CIITA ; C2TA; CIITA IV; MHC2TA; NLRA
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 207
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

CIITA is a transactivator of MHC class II.

This gene encodes a protein with an acidic transcriptional activation domain, 4 LRRs (leucine-rich repeats) and a GTP binding domain. The protein is located in the nucleus and acts as a positive regulator of class II major histocompatibility complex gene transcription, and is referred to as the "master control factor" for the expression of these genes. The protein also binds GTP and uses GTP binding to facilitate its own transport into the nucleus. Once in the nucleus it does not bind DNA but rather uses an intrinsic acetyltransferase (AT) activity to act in a coactivator-like fashion. Mutations in this gene have been associated with bare lymphocyte syndrome type II (also known as hereditary MHC class II deficiency or HLA class II-deficient combined immunodeficiency), increased susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and possibly myocardial infarction.

Further reading

• Mach B, Steimle V, Martinez-Soria E, Reith W (1996). "Regulation of MHC class II genes: lessons from a disease". Annu. Rev. Immunol. 14: 301–31. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.14.1.301. PMID 8717517.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Boss JM (1997). "Regulation of transcription of MHC class II genes". Curr. Opin. Immunol. 9 (1): 107–13. PMID 9039770.
• LeibundGut-Landmann S, Waldburger JM, Krawczyk M; et al. (2004). "Mini-review: Specificity and expression of CIITA, the master regulator of MHC class II genes". Eur. J. Immunol. 34 (6): 1513–25. doi:10.1002/eji.200424964. PMID 15162420.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Ting JP, Davis BK (2005). "CATERPILLER: a novel gene family important in immunity, cell death, and diseases". Annu. Rev. Immunol. 23: 387–414. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115616. PMID 15771576.
• Pöschlová N, Masek K, Krsiak M (1977). "Effect of 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine on social behaviour in mice [proceedings]". Act Nerv Super (Praha). 18 (3): 229–30. PMID 1007865.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Pereira SN, Castagna RC, Gressler JF; et al. (1977). "[Dura-mater valve bank]". Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 29 (4): 277–80. PMID 1008718.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Riley JL, Westerheide SD, Price JA; et al. (1995). "Activation of class II MHC genes requires both the X box region and the class II transactivator (CIITA)". Immunity. 2 (5): 533–43. PMID 7749984.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Steimle V, Otten LA, Zufferey M, Mach B (1993). "Complementation cloning of an MHC class II transactivator mutated in hereditary MHC class II deficiency (or bare lymphocyte syndrome)". Cell. 75 (1): 135–46. PMID 8402893.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Brown JA, He XF, Westerheide SD, Boss JM (1996). "Characterization of the expressed CIITA allele in the class II MHC transcriptional mutant RJ2.2.5". Immunogenetics. 43 (1–2): 88–91. PMID 8537130.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Bontron S, Steimle V, Ucla C; et al. (1997). "Two novel mutations in the MHC class II transactivator CIITA in a second patient from MHC class II deficiency complementation group A.". Hum. Genet. 99 (4): 541–6. PMID 9099848.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Mahanta SK, Scholl T, Yang FC, Strominger JL (1997). "Transactivation by CIITA, the type II bare lymphocyte syndrome-associated factor, requires participation of multiple regions of the TATA box binding protein". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (12): 6324–9. PMID 9177216.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Scholl T, Mahanta SK, Strominger JL (1997). "Specific complex formation between the type II bare lymphocyte syndrome-associated transactivators CIITA and RFX5". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94 (12): 6330–4. PMID 9177217.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Muhlethaler-Mottet A, Otten LA, Steimle V, Mach B (1997). "Expression of MHC class II molecules in different cellular and functional compartments is controlled by differential usage of multiple promoters of the transactivator CIITA". EMBO J. 16 (10): 2851–60. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.10.2851. PMID 9184229.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Piskurich JF, Wang Y, Linhoff MW; et al. (1998). "Identification of distinct regions of 5' flanking DNA that mediate constitutive, IFN-gamma, STAT1, and TGF-beta-regulated expression of the class II transactivator gene". J. Immunol. 160 (1): 233–40. PMID 9551976.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Harton JA, Cressman DE, Chin KC; et al. (1999). "GTP binding by class II transactivator: role in nuclear import". Science. 285 (5432): 1402–5. PMID 10464099.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Quan V, Towey M, Sacks S, Kelly AP (1999). "Absence of MHC class II gene expression in a patient with a single amino acid substitution in the class II transactivator protein CIITA". Immunogenetics. 49 (11–12): 957–63. PMID 10501838.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Abendroth A, Slobedman B, Lee E; et al. (2000). "Modulation of major histocompatibility class II protein expression by varicella-zoster virus". J. Virol. 74 (4): 1900–7. PMID 10644363.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Kanazawa S, Okamoto T, Peterlin BM (2000). "Tat competes with CIITA for the binding to P-TEFb and blocks the expression of MHC class II genes in HIV infection". Immunity. 12 (1): 61–70. PMID 10661406.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)

External links

• MHC+class+II+transactivator+protein at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.