Seminoma natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sujit Routray, M.D. [2]

Overview

Seminoma grows slower than non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. Common complications of seminoma include recurrence, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, and secondary malignancies. Prognosis of seminoma is good for all stages with greater than 90% cure rate. The International Germ Cell Cancer Consensus Group divides seminoma into two prognosis groups: good and intermediate.

Natural History

Seminoma grows slower than non-seminomatous germ cell tumors.

Complications

Common complications of seminoma include:

• Recurrence
• Lymph node metastasis
• Distant metastasis
• Increased risk of seminoma in the remaining testicle
• Increased risk of other cancers (second malignancies)

• Mesothelioma and cancer of the lung
• Colon cancer
• Bladder cancer
• Pancreatic cancer
• Stomach cancer

Prognosis

• The International Germ Cell Cancer Consensus Group (IGCCCG) developed a classification system based on prognostic factors. It indicates how well the cancer is expected to respond to treatment. This system helps physicians make decisions about treatment for advanced germ cell tumors.
• Prognosis of seminoma is good for all stages with greater than 90% cure rate.
• IGCCCG divides seminoma into two prognosis groups:
  • Prognosis for stage I is generally good, and the survival rate of patients with seminoma for satgr I is approximately 100%.
  • Depending on the extent of the [tumor/disease progression] at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as poor/good/excellent.
  • The presence of [characteristic of disease] is associated with a particularly [good/poor] prognosis among patients with [disease/malignancy].
  • [Subtype of disease/malignancy] is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
  • The prognosis varies with the [characteristic] of tumor; [subtype of disease/malignancy] have the most favorable prognosis.