Sandbox:Qurrat

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

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	Symptoms						Lab Findings			Imaging			Histopathology
Diseases	Clinical manifestations						Para-clinical findings							Gold standard	Comments
	Symptoms						Para-clinical findings
	Constipation/Diarrhea	Blood in stool	Abdominal pain	Other symptoms			Anemia	Tumor marker		Endoscopy	CT scan	Other imaging study	Histopathology
Adenocarcinoma	+/-	+	+/-	Tenesmus Diminished caliber of stools Mucus in stools			+	CEA+		Sigmoidoscopy may show polyps, ulcerating and infiltrating lesions Colonoscopy^[1] can reveal detail images of polyps and cancerous lesions	Luminal narrowing and bowel obstruction Circumferential thickening of the bowel wall Enlarged lymph nodes Pulmonary metastases Peritoneal metastases Hepatic metastases	PET scans for detailed images Barium enema shows the luminal abnormalities Genetic testing to see hereditary etiology^[2]	On gross pathology:^[3] Polypoid or fungating exophytic lesion (right-sided colorectal tumors) Circumferential and annular lesions producing an "apple-core" appearance on barium enema x-ray (left-sided tumors).
AVM^[4]
Diverticulitis^[5]			+	Fever+/- chills Nausea+/- vomiting			Leukocytosis				Evidence of inflammation Outpouchings of the colonic wall
Hemorrhoid
Anal fissure
Infectious colitis
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome^[6]
Diseases	Clinical manifestations						Para-clinical findings							Gold standard	Comments
	Symptoms						Para-clinical findings
	Symptoms						Lab Findings			Imaging			Histopathology
	Constipation/Diarrhea	Blood in stool	Abdominal pain	Other symptoms			CBC	Stool test		Colonoscopy	CT scan		Histopathology
Carcinoids^[7]
Juvenile Polyposis Coli
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST)^[8]
Hamartoms
Colorectal Lymphoma^[9]
Kaposi's sarcoma
Ulcerative colitis^[10]	Diarrhea	+	LLQ^[10]				Vitamin B12 defi. anemia^[10] Autoimmune hemolytic anemia			Continuous lesions, presence of crypts, formation of residual mucosal tissue^[10]			Mucosal and submucosal inflammation^[10] Hemorrhage or inflammatory polymorphonuclear cells aggregate in the lamina propria Distorted crypts Crypt abscess	Endoscopy and a mucosal biopsy^[11]
Crohn's disease^[10]	Diarrhea		LRQ^[10]				Vitamin B12 defi. anemia^[10] Autoimmune hemolytic anemia			Discontinuous lesions, strictures, linear ulcerations^[10]			Transmural pattern of inflammation^[10] Mucosal damage Focal infiltration of leukocytes into the epithelium Granulomas	Endoscopy and a mucosal biopsy^[11]
Irritable bowel syndrome
Appendicitis
Paralytic ileus
Diseases	Symptom 1	Symptom 2	Symptom 3	Physical exam 1	Physical exam 2	Physical exam 3	Lab 1	Lab 2	Lab 3	Imaging 1	Imaging 2	Imaging 3	Histopathology	Gold standard	Additional findings
Strangulated hernia
Prostate Cancer
Bowel endometriosis

References

↑ Doubeni CA, Corley DA, Quinn VP, Jensen CD, Zauber AG, Goodman M, Johnson JR, Mehta SJ, Becerra TA, Zhao WK, Schottinger J, Doria-Rose VP, Levin TR, Weiss NS, Fletcher RH (February 2018). "Effectiveness of screening colonoscopy in reducing the risk of death from right and left colon cancer: a large community-based study". Gut. 67 (2): 291–298. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312712. PMID 27733426.
↑ Rathore, Saima; Hussain, Mutawarra; Ali, Ahmad; Khan, Asifullah (2013). "A Recent Survey on Colon Cancer Detection Techniques". IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics. 10 (3): 545–563. doi:10.1109/TCBB.2013.84. ISSN 1545-5963.
↑ Weiss JM, Pfau PR, O'Connor ES, King J, LoConte N, Kennedy G; et al. (2011). "Mortality by stage for right- versus left-sided colon cancer: analysis of surveillance, epidemiology, and end results--Medicare data". J Clin Oncol. 29 (33): 4401–9. doi:10.1200/JCO.2011.36.4414. PMC 3221523. PMID 21969498.
↑ Lee HH, Kwon HM, Gil S, Kim YS, Cho M, Seo KJ, Chae HS, Cho YS (2017). "Endoscopic resection of asymptomatic, colonic, polypoid arteriovenous malformations: Two case reports and a literature review". Saudi J Gastroenterol. 23 (1): 67–70. doi:10.4103/1319-3767.199111. PMC 5329980. PMID 28139503.
↑ Shen SH, Chen JD, Tiu CM, Chou YH, Chiang JH, Chang CY, Lee CH (September 2005). "Differentiating colonic diverticulitis from colon cancer: the value of computed tomography in the emergency setting". J Chin Med Assoc. 68 (9): 411–8. doi:10.1016/S1726-4901(09)70156-X. PMID 16187597.
↑ Zhong ME, Niu BZ, Ji WY, Wu B (June 2016). "Laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for Peutz-Jeghers syndrome with synchronous rectal cancer". World J. Gastroenterol. 22 (22): 5293–6. doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i22.5293. PMID 27298573.
↑ Chung TP, Hunt SR (May 2006). "Carcinoid and neuroendocrine tumors of the colon and rectum". Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 19 (2): 45–8. doi:10.1055/s-2006-942343. PMC 2780103. PMID 20011309.
↑ Niazi AK, Kaley K, Saif MW (May 2014). "Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of colon: a case report and review of literature". Anticancer Res. 34 (5): 2547–50. PMID 24778074.
↑ Quayle FJ, Lowney JK (May 2006). "Colorectal lymphoma". Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 19 (2): 49–53. doi:10.1055/s-2006-942344. PMC 2780105. PMID 20011310.
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 ^10.3 ^10.4 ^10.5 ^10.6 ^10.7 ^10.8 ^10.9 Fakhoury M, Negrulj R, Mooranian A, Al-Salami H (2014). "Inflammatory bowel disease: clinical aspects and treatments". J Inflamm Res. 7: 113–20. doi:10.2147/JIR.S65979. PMC 4106026. PMID 25075198.
↑ ^11.0 ^11.1 Collins P, Rhodes J (August 2006). "Ulcerative colitis: diagnosis and management". BMJ. 333 (7563): 340–3. doi:10.1136/bmj.333.7563.340. PMC 1539087. PMID 16902215.

[pmid27733426-1] Doubeni CA, Corley DA, Quinn VP, Jensen CD, Zauber AG, Goodman M, Johnson JR, Mehta SJ, Becerra TA, Zhao WK, Schottinger J, Doria-Rose VP, Levin TR, Weiss NS, Fletcher RH (February 2018). "Effectiveness of screening colonoscopy in reducing the risk of death from right and left colon cancer: a large community-based study". Gut. 67 (2): 291–298. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312712. PMID 27733426.

[RathoreHussain2013-2] Rathore, Saima; Hussain, Mutawarra; Ali, Ahmad; Khan, Asifullah (2013). "A Recent Survey on Colon Cancer Detection Techniques". IEEE/ACM Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics. 10 (3): 545–563. doi:10.1109/TCBB.2013.84. ISSN 1545-5963.

[pmid21969498-3] Weiss JM, Pfau PR, O'Connor ES, King J, LoConte N, Kennedy G; et al. (2011). "Mortality by stage for right- versus left-sided colon cancer: analysis of surveillance, epidemiology, and end results--Medicare data". J Clin Oncol. 29 (33): 4401–9. doi:10.1200/JCO.2011.36.4414. PMC 3221523. PMID 21969498.

[pmid28139503-4] Lee HH, Kwon HM, Gil S, Kim YS, Cho M, Seo KJ, Chae HS, Cho YS (2017). "Endoscopic resection of asymptomatic, colonic, polypoid arteriovenous malformations: Two case reports and a literature review". Saudi J Gastroenterol. 23 (1): 67–70. doi:10.4103/1319-3767.199111. PMC 5329980. PMID 28139503.

[pmid16187597-5] Shen SH, Chen JD, Tiu CM, Chou YH, Chiang JH, Chang CY, Lee CH (September 2005). "Differentiating colonic diverticulitis from colon cancer: the value of computed tomography in the emergency setting". J Chin Med Assoc. 68 (9): 411–8. doi:10.1016/S1726-4901(09)70156-X. PMID 16187597.

[pmid27298573-6] Zhong ME, Niu BZ, Ji WY, Wu B (June 2016). "Laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for Peutz-Jeghers syndrome with synchronous rectal cancer". World J. Gastroenterol. 22 (22): 5293–6. doi:10.3748/wjg.v22.i22.5293. PMID 27298573.

[pmid20011309-7] Chung TP, Hunt SR (May 2006). "Carcinoid and neuroendocrine tumors of the colon and rectum". Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 19 (2): 45–8. doi:10.1055/s-2006-942343. PMC 2780103. PMID 20011309.

[pmid24778074-8] Niazi AK, Kaley K, Saif MW (May 2014). "Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of colon: a case report and review of literature". Anticancer Res. 34 (5): 2547–50. PMID 24778074.

[pmid20011310-9] Quayle FJ, Lowney JK (May 2006). "Colorectal lymphoma". Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 19 (2): 49–53. doi:10.1055/s-2006-942344. PMC 2780105. PMID 20011310.

[pmid25075198-10] 10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 ^10.3 ^10.4 ^10.5 ^10.6 ^10.7 ^10.8 ^10.9 Fakhoury M, Negrulj R, Mooranian A, Al-Salami H (2014). "Inflammatory bowel disease: clinical aspects and treatments". J Inflamm Res. 7: 113–20. doi:10.2147/JIR.S65979. PMC 4106026. PMID 25075198.

[pmid16902215-11] 11.0 ^11.1 Collins P, Rhodes J (August 2006). "Ulcerative colitis: diagnosis and management". BMJ. 333 (7563): 340–3. doi:10.1136/bmj.333.7563.340. PMC 1539087. PMID 16902215.

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Sandbox:Qurrat

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