Appendix cancer epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
- Epidemiology of appendix cancer should be discussed with respect to the major histological characteristics of tumors.
- Prevalence, risk factors, age distribution as well as prognosis are different in two major types of apendiceal cancers.
- According to the SEER database, adenocarcinoma accounted for 58% of appendiceal tumors.
- Carcinoid tumors comprise 50-77% of appendiceal malignancies.
Incidence
- The incidence of carcinoid tumor of appendix is approximately 0.075 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the appendix is approximately 0.2 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
Prevalence
- Appendiceal neoplasms account for approximately 0.4% of gastrointestinal tumors.
- The estimated prevalence of appendix cancer is approximately 0.12 cases per 100,000 individuals in the United States.[1]
- The estimated prevalence of adenocarcinoma of the appendix is 0.2 cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide;[1] on the other hand,?????????
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
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- In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%.
- The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range].
Age
- The incidence of apendix cancer increases with age; meanwhile, patients with carcinoid tumors are generally younger than their adenocarcinoma counterparts.
- The median age at diagnosis is 65 years for adenocarcinoma, compared to t 32-43 years (range, 6 to 80 years) for carcinoid tumors.
- The patients with Tubular carcinoids are significantly younger than the patients with goblet cell carcinoids.
Race
- There is no racial predilection to appendiceal cancers.
Gender
- Generally appendiceal cancers affects men and women equally.
- While in adenocarcinoma there is a male dominant pattern of prevalence, females are more commonly affected by appendiceal carcinoids than men; This might be because of high incidental appendicectomies in women. Nevertheless, in the SEER database, the male to female ratio is approximately 1 to 1.