Mixed connective tissue disease natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shaghayegh Habibi, M.D.[2]
Overview
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
Complications
- Common complications of MCTD include:[1][2][3]
- Polyarthritis
- Raynaud's phenomenon
- Puffy fingers (sausage digits)
- Interstitial lung disease
- Esophageal dysmotility
- Sclerodactyly
- Polymyositis
- Pulmonary hypertension
Prognosis
- In MCTD, prognosis depends on the type of organ involvement.[4]
- Major causes of morbidity in long-term MCTD patients include:[5]
- The worst prognosis and high mortality rate are associated with the presence of pulmonary involvement.[6]
References
- ↑ Tani C, Carli L, Vagnani S, Talarico R, Baldini C, Mosca M, Bombardieri S (2014). "The diagnosis and classification of mixed connective tissue disease". J. Autoimmun. 48-49: 46–9. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2014.01.008. PMID 24461387.
- ↑ Nica AE, Alexa LM, Ionescu AO, Andronic O, Păduraru DN (2016). "Esophageal disorders in mixed connective tissue diseases". J Med Life. 9 (2): 141–3. PMC 4863503. PMID 27453743.
- ↑ Bodolay E, Szekanecz Z, Dévényi K, Galuska L, Csípo I, Vègh J, Garai I, Szegedi G (May 2005). "Evaluation of interstitial lung disease in mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD)". Rheumatology (Oxford). 44 (5): 656–61. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keh575. PMID 15716315.
- ↑ Latuśkiewicz-Potemska J, Zygmunt A, Biernacka-Zielińska M, Stańczyk J, Smolewska E (October 2013). "Mixed connective tissue disease presenting with progressive scleroderma symptoms in a 10-year-old girl". Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 30 (5): 329–36. doi:10.5114/pdia.2013.38365. PMC 3858664. PMID 24353496.
- ↑ Ciang NC, Pereira N, Isenberg DA (March 2017). "Mixed connective tissue disease-enigma variations?". Rheumatology (Oxford). 56 (3): 326–333. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kew265. PMID 27436003.
- ↑ Ortega-Hernandez OD, Shoenfeld Y (February 2012). "Mixed connective tissue disease: an overview of clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment". Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 26 (1): 61–72. doi:10.1016/j.berh.2012.01.009. PMID 22424193.