Acute cholecystitis diagnostic study of choice

Jump to navigation Jump to search


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Furqan M M. M.B.B.S[2]

Acute cholecystitis Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Acute cholecystitis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT scan

MRI

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Guidelines for Management

Case Studies

Case #1

Acute cholecystitis diagnostic study of choice On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Acute cholecystitis diagnostic study of choice

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Acute cholecystitis diagnostic study of choice

CDC on Acute cholecystitis diagnostic study of choice

Acute cholecystitis diagnostic study of choice in the news

Blogs on Acute cholecystitis diagnostic study of choice

Directions to Hospitals Treating Psoriasis

Risk calculators and risk factors for Acute cholecystitis diagnostic study of choice

Overview

Transabdominal ultrasonography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of gallstones. Thickened gallbladder, gallstones or sludge, and pericholecystic fluid are the findings associated with transabdominal ultrasound in patients with acute cholecystitis.

Diagnostic Study of Choice

Gold standard/Study of choice:

  • Transabdominal ultrasonography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of gallstones.[1][2][3][4]
  • The following result of transabdominal ultrasonography is confirmatory of acute cholecystitis:
    • Thickened gallbladder (>4 mm)
    • Gallstones or sludge
    • Pericholecystic fluid
  • The ultrasound should be performed when:
    • The patient presented with right upper quadrant pain, abdominal guarding, fever, and a positive Murphy's sign.

The comparison table for diagnostic studies of choice for [disease name]

Sensitivity Specificity
Test 1 ...%
Test 2 ...%

✔= The best test based on the feature

Sequence of Diagnostic Studies
  • The transabdominal ultrasonography should be performed when:[3][4]
    • The presented with right upper quadrant pain, abdominal guarding, fever, and a positive Murphy's sign.
    • A positive transabdominal ultrasonography is detected in the patient, to confirm the diagnosis.
  • Cholescintigraphy is an alternative method of imaging and uses technetium-labeled hepatic 2,6-dimethyl-iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) in difficult cases or uncertain diagnosis.
    • HIDA is injected intravenously and taken up by the liver. HIDA is excreted in the bile and therefore, can visualize hepatobiliary tree.

MRI and CT scan can also be used for the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis and it's complications. These modalities are not preferred because:

    • More time is needed for the tests
    • Limited availability

Diagnostic Criteria

  • Here you should describe the details of the diagnostic criteria.
  • Always mention the name of the criteria/definition you are about to list (e.g. modified Duke criteria for the diagnosis of endocarditis / 3rd universal definition of MI) and cite the primary source of where this criteria/definition is found.
  • Although not necessary, it is recommended that you include the criteria in a table. Make sure you always cite the source of the content and whether the table has been adapted from another source.
  • Be very clear as to the number of criteria (or threshold) that needs to be met out of the total number of criteria.
  • Distinguish criteria based on their nature (e.g. clinical criteria / pathological criteria/ imaging criteria) before discussing them in details.
  • To view an example (endocarditis diagnostic criteria), click here
  • If relevant, add additional information that might help the reader distinguish various criteria or the evolution of criteria (e.g. original criteria vs. modified criteria).
  • You may also add information about the sensitivity and specificity of the criteria, the pre-test probability, and other figures that may help the reader understand how valuable the criteria are clinically.
  • [Disease name] is mainly diagnosed based on clinical presentation. There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
  • There is no single diagnostic study of choice for [disease name], though [disease name] may be diagnosed based on [name of criteria] established by [...].
  • The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
  • The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
  • [Disease name] may be diagnosed at any time if one or more of the following criteria are met:
    • Criteria 1
    • Criteria 2
    • Criteria 3

IF there are clear, established diagnostic criteria:

  • The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
  • The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which include [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
  • The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [definition name] definition, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].

IF there are no established diagnostic criteria: 

  • There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].

References

  1. "Gallbladder, Cholecystitis, Acute - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf".
  2. Foard DE, Haber AH (1970). "Physiologically normal senescence in seedlings grown without cell division after massive gamma-irradiation of seeds". Radiat. Res. 42 (2): 372–80. PMID 5442405.
  3. 3.0 3.1 Knab LM, Boller AM, Mahvi DM (2014). "Cholecystitis". Surg. Clin. North Am. 94 (2): 455–70. doi:10.1016/j.suc.2014.01.005. PMID 24679431.
  4. 4.0 4.1 Gomes CA, Junior CS, Di Saverio S, Sartelli M, Kelly MD, Gomes CC, Gomes FC, Corrêa LD, Alves CB, Guimarães SF (2017). "Acute calculous cholecystitis: Review of current best practices". World J Gastrointest Surg. 9 (5): 118–126. doi:10.4240/wjgs.v9.i5.118. PMC 5442405. PMID 28603584.