IRF7

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Species	Human	Mouse
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Interferon regulatory factor 7, also known as IRF7, is a member of the interferon regulatory factor family of transcription factors.

Function

IRF7 encodes interferon regulatory factor 7, a member of the interferon regulatory transcription factor (IRF) family. IRF7 has been shown to play a role in the transcriptional activation of virus-inducible cellular genes, including the type I interferon genes. In particular, IRF7 regulates many interferon-alpha genes. Constitutive expression of IRF7 is largely restricted to lymphoid tissue, largely plasmacytoid dendritic cells, whereas IRF7 is inducible in many tissues. Multiple IRF7 transcript variants have been identified, although the functional consequences of these have not yet been established.

The IRF7 pathway was shown to be silenced in some metastatic breast cancer cell lines, which may help the cells avoid the host immune response. Restoring IRF7 to these cell lines reduced metastases and increased host survival time in animal models.

The IRF7 gene and product were shown to be defective in a patient with severe susceptibility to H1N1 influenza, while susceptibility to other viral diseases such as CMV, RSV, and parainfluenza was unaffected.

Interactions

IRF7 has been shown to interact with IRF3.

See also

• Interferon regulatory factors

Further reading

• Ning S, Pagano JS, Barber GN (2011). "IRF7: activation, regulation, modification and function". Genes Immun. 12 (6): 399–414. doi:10.1038/gene.2011.21. PMID 21490621.
• Pitha PM, Au WC, Lowther W, Juang YT, Schafer SL, Burysek L, Hiscott J, Moore PA (1999). "Role of the interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) in virus-mediated signaling and regulation of cell growth". Biochimie. 80 (8–9): 651–8. doi:10.1016/S0300-9084(99)80018-2. PMID 9865487.
• Zhang L, Pagano JS (2002). "Structure and function of IRF-7". J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 22 (1): 95–101. doi:10.1089/107999002753452700. PMID 11846980.
• Zhang L, Pagano JS (1997). "IRF-7, a new interferon regulatory factor associated with Epstein-Barr virus latency". Mol. Cell. Biol. 17 (10): 5748–57. PMC 232423. PMID 9315633.
• Wathelet MG, Lin CH, Parekh BS, Ronco LV, Howley PM, Maniatis T (1998). "Virus infection induces the assembly of coordinately activated transcription factors on the IFN-beta enhancer in vivo". Mol. Cell. 1 (4): 507–18. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80051-9. PMID 9660935.
• Au WC, Moore PA, LaFleur DW, Tombal B, Pitha PM (1998). "Characterization of the interferon regulatory factor-7 and its potential role in the transcription activation of interferon A genes". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (44): 29210–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.44.29210. PMID 9786932.
• Lu R, Au WC, Yeow WS, Hageman N, Pitha PM (2000). "Regulation of the promoter activity of interferon regulatory factor-7 gene. Activation by interferon and silencing by hypermethylation". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (41): 31805–12. doi:10.1074/jbc.M005288200. PMID 10924517.
• Paris MJ, Williams BR (2001). "Characterization of a 500-kb contig spanning the region between c-Ha-Ras and MUC2 on chromosome 11p15.5". Genomics. 69 (2): 196–202. doi:10.1006/geno.2000.6339. PMID 11031102.
• Marié I, Smith E, Prakash A, Levy DE (2000). "Phosphorylation-Induced Dimerization of Interferon Regulatory Factor 7 Unmasks DNA Binding and a Bipartite Transactivation Domain". Mol. Cell. Biol. 20 (23): 8803–14. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.23.8803-8814.2000. PMC 86519. PMID 11073981.
• Smith EJ, Marié I, Prakash A, García-Sastre A, Levy DE (2001). "IRF3 and IRF7 phosphorylation in virus-infected cells does not require double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase R or Ikappa B kinase but is blocked by Vaccinia virus E3L protein". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (12): 8951–7. doi:10.1074/jbc.M008717200. PMID 11124948.
• Au WC, Yeow WS, Pitha PM (2001). "Analysis of functional domains of interferon regulatory factor 7 and its association with IRF-3". Virology. 280 (2): 273–82. doi:10.1006/viro.2000.0782. PMID 11162841.
• Lu R, Moore PA, Pitha PM (2002). "Stimulation of IRF-7 gene expression by tumor necrosis factor alpha: requirement for NFkappa B transcription factor and gene accessibility". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (19): 16592–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111440200. PMID 11877397.
• Morin P, Bragança J, Bandu MT, Lin R, Hiscott J, Doly J, Civas A (2002). "Preferential binding sites for interferon regulatory factors 3 and 7 involved in interferon-A gene transcription". J. Mol. Biol. 316 (5): 1009–22. doi:10.1006/jmbi.2001.5401. PMID 11884139.
• Caillaud A, Prakash A, Smith E, Masumi A, Hovanessian AG, Levy DE, Marié I (2003). "Acetylation of interferon regulatory factor-7 by p300/CREB-binding protein (CBP)-associated factor (PCAF) impairs its DNA binding". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (51): 49417–21. doi:10.1074/jbc.M207484200. PMID 12374802.
• Izmailova E, Bertley FM, Huang Q, Makori N, Miller CJ, Young RA, Aldovini A (2003). "HIV-1 Tat reprograms immature dendritic cells to express chemoattractants for activated T cells and macrophages". Nat. Med. 9 (2): 191–7. doi:10.1038/nm822. PMID 12539042.
• Yang H, Lin CH, Ma G, Baffi MO, Wathelet MG (2003). "Interferon regulatory factor-7 synergizes with other transcription factors through multiple interactions with p300/CBP coactivators". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (18): 15495–504. doi:10.1074/jbc.M212940200. PMID 12604599.
• Ning S, Hahn AM, Huye LE, Pagano JS (2003). "Interferon Regulatory Factor 7 Regulates Expression of Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1: a Regulatory Circuit". J. Virol. 77 (17): 9359–68. doi:10.1128/JVI.77.17.9359-9368.2003. PMC 187426. PMID 12915551.
• Fitzgerald KA, Rowe DC, Barnes BJ, Caffrey DR, Visintin A, Latz E, Monks B, Pitha PM, Golenbock DT (2003). "LPS-TLR4 Signaling to IRF-3/7 and NF-κB Involves the Toll Adapters TRAM and TRIF". J. Exp. Med. 198 (7): 1043–55. doi:10.1084/jem.20031023. PMC 2194210. PMID 14517278.
• Lin R, Noyce RS, Collins SE, Everett RD, Mossman KL (2004). "The Herpes Simplex Virus ICP0 RING Finger Domain Inhibits IRF3- and IRF7-Mediated Activation of Interferon-Stimulated Genes". J. Virol. 78 (4): 1675–84. doi:10.1128/JVI.78.4.1675-1684.2004. PMC 369457. PMID 14747533.

External links

• IRF7+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.