Glioma classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]Sujit Routray, M.D. [3]
Overview
Glioma may be classified into several subtypes based on the type of cell, grade, and location.[1]
Classification
Glioma may be classified into several subtypes based on the type of cell, grade, and location.[1]
1. Based on the type of cell
Glioma may be classified according to the type of cell into four subtypes:[1]
- Ependymomas — ependymal cells
- Astrocytomas — astrocytes
- Oligodendrogliomas — oligodendrocytes
- Mixed gliomas, such as oligoastrocytomas, contain cells from different types of glia.
2. Based on the grade
Glioma may be classified according to the grade into two subtypes:[1]
- Low-grade gliomas are well-differentiated tumors. These are benign tumors.
- High-grade gliomas are undifferentiated or anaplastic tumors. These are malignant tumors.
WHO grading system for astrocytomas
- WHO Grade 1 — e.g., pilocytic astrocytoma
- WHO Grade 2 — e.g., low-grade astrocytoma
- WHO Grade 3 — e.g., anaplastic (malignant) astrocytoma
- WHO Grade 4 — e.g., glioblastoma multiforme
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3. Based on the location
Glioma may be classified according to the location into two subtypes:[1]
- Infratentorial : mostly in children (70%)
- Supratentorial : mostly in adults (70%)