Diabetes mellitus type 1 Diagnostic study of choice
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Trusha Tank, M.D.[2],Vishal Devarkonda, M.B.B.S[3]
Overview
The diagnostic test of choice for diabetes mellitus is fasting plasma glucose (FPG). According to the ADA criteria, diabetes mellitus is diagnosed with FPG ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L). Other diagnostic findings consistent with the diagnosis of type 1 DM include 2-h PG ≥200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) during an OGTT, or A1C ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol), or classic symptoms of hyperglycemia or hyperglycemic crisis, a random plasma glucose ≥200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L).
Diagnostic study of choice
Diagnostic study of choice for diabetes mellitus is fasting plasma glucose (FPG). According to the ADA criteria, diabetes mellitus is diagnosed with FPG ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L).
Diagnostic criteria
ADA criteria for diagnosis of type 1 DM follows:
ADA Criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes |
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FPG ≥126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L). Fasting is defined as no caloric intake for at least 8 h.* |
OR |
2-h PG ≥200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) during an OGTT. The test should be performed as described by the WHO, using a glucose load containing the equivalent of 75 g anhydrous glucose dissolved in water.* |
OR |
A1C ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol). The test should be performed in a laboratory using a method that is NGSP certified and standardized to the DCCT assay.* |
OR |
In a patient with classic symptoms of hyperglycemia or hyperglycemic crisis, a random plasma glucose ≥200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L). |
- In the absence of unequivocal hyperglycemia, results should be confirmed by repeat testing.