HIV coinfection with tuberculosis overview: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 18:01, 18 September 2017
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HIV coinfection with tuberculosis Microchapters |
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Differentiating HIV coinfection with tuberculosis from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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HIV coinfection with tuberculosis overview On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of HIV coinfection with tuberculosis overview |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating HIV coinfection with tuberculosis |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for HIV coinfection with tuberculosis overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
HIV is the main reason for failure to meet Tuberculosis (TB) control targets in high HIV settings. In spite of fewer people in USA suffering with TB, it remains a serious threat, especially for HIV-infected persons. In fact, worldwide TB is one of the leading causes of death among people infected with HIV. It is estimated that about 4.2% of Americans, with or without HIV infection, are infected with TB bacteria. People infected with HIV are more likely than uninfected people to get sick with other infections and diseases.
IRIS is a group of clinical syndromes associated with immune reconstitution that have been observed most commonly for mycobacterial infections (TB and disseminated MAC disease).[1]
Tuberculosis infection in HIV patients also affect the initiation of treatment. [2]
Pathophysiology
People infected with HIV (the virus that causes AIDS) are more likely than uninfected people to get sick with other infections and diseases. Tuberculosis (TB) is one of these diseases. TB is a disease that usually affects the lungs. It sometimes affects other parts of the body, such as the brain, the kidneys, or the spine.
Medical Therapy
Recommendations for treating tuberculosis in adults with HIV infection are, with a few exceptions, the same as those for adult TB patients who are not HIV infected. However, managing HIV-related TB is complex and people with HIV and TB should seek care from a health care provider or providers with expertise in the management of both HIV disease and TB. Because persons with HIV infection are often taking numerous medications, some of which interact with anti-TB medications, experts in the treatment of HIV-related TB should be consulted.
Prevention
A new epidemiological model, developed by WHO, UNAIDS and the Stop TB Partnership, shows it is possible to reduce HIV/AIDS deaths impressively through tuberculosis (TB) prevention and treatment. In 2009 almost one in four deaths among people living with HIV were due to TB, a disease that is both curable and preventable. The model estimates that through the scaled-up implementation of WHO-recommended collaborative TB/HIV activities, it is possible to save a million lives by the end of 2015.
References
- ↑ Navas E, Martín-Dávila P, Moreno L, Pintado V, Casado JL, Fortún J, Pérez-Elías MJ, Gomez-Mampaso E, Moreno S (2002). "Paradoxical reactions of tuberculosis in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who are treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy". Arch. Intern. Med. 162 (1): 97–9. PMID 11784229. Retrieved 2012-04-06. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Jacobson MA, Zegans M, Pavan PR, O'Donnell JJ, Sattler F, Rao N, Owens S, Pollard R (1997). "Cytomegalovirus retinitis after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy". Lancet. 349 (9063): 1443–5. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(96)11431-8. PMID 9164318. Retrieved 2012-04-06. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)