Hyperparathyroidism physical examination: Difference between revisions
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{{Hyperparathyroidism}} | {{Hyperparathyroidism}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Anmol}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Physical examination of patients with hyperparathyroidism is usually unremarkable. Patients may have physical findings due to severe hypercalcemia and other complications of hyperparathyroidism. | |||
==Physical Examination== | ==Physical Examination== | ||
| Line 26: | Line 24: | ||
===HEENT=== | ===HEENT=== | ||
*Patients with severe hypercalcemia may have: | *Patients with severe hypercalcemia may have: | ||
** Band keratopathy (calcium precipitation in a horizontal band across the cornea in the palpebral aperture) | ** Band keratopathy (calcium precipitation in a horizontal band across the cornea in the palpebral aperture); may lead to vision impairement | ||
===Lungs=== | ===Lungs=== | ||
| Line 34: | Line 32: | ||
===Cardiovasvular=== | ===Cardiovasvular=== | ||
*Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have: | *Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have: | ||
** | **Palpitations due to arrhythmias | ||
**Shortened QT interval | **Shortened QT interval | ||
**Chest pain due to fluid overload form renal failure | **Chest pain due to fluid overload form renal failure | ||
**Rales and S3 due to fluid overload form renal failure | |||
===Abdomen=== | ===Abdomen=== | ||
*Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have: | *Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have: | ||
** | **Nausea and vomiting | ||
**Anorexia | |||
**Fecal impaction (from constipation) | **Fecal impaction (from constipation) | ||
** | **Epigastric pain and tenderness due to development of pancreatitis | ||
**Flank pain and tenderness due to nephrolithiasis | |||
===Genitourinary=== | ===Genitourinary=== | ||
| Line 52: | Line 51: | ||
**Signs of renal failure | **Signs of renal failure | ||
=== | ===Neuromuscular=== | ||
*Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time. | *Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time. | ||
*Patients with severe hypercalcemia and other complications may have: | *Patients with severe hypercalcemia and other complications may have: | ||
**Anxiety | |||
**Fatigue and weakness due to renal failure | **Fatigue and weakness due to renal failure | ||
**Lethargy | |||
**Sleep disturbances | **Sleep disturbances | ||
**Muscle twitch and cramps | **Muscle twitch and cramps | ||
**Signs of depression | |||
**Confusion | **Confusion | ||
**Memory disturbances | |||
**Hypotonia | **Hypotonia | ||
**Hyporeflexia | **Hyporeflexia | ||
| Line 66: | Line 69: | ||
===Extremities=== | ===Extremities=== | ||
*Swelling of feet and ankles due to renal failure | *Swelling of feet and ankles due to renal failure | ||
*Arthralgia due to bone resoprtion | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 15:27, 6 September 2017
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Hyperparathyroidism Microchapters |
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Hyperparathyroidism physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hyperparathyroidism physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hyperparathyroidism physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anmol Pitliya, M.B.B.S. M.D.[2]
Overview
Physical examination of patients with hyperparathyroidism is usually unremarkable. Patients may have physical findings due to severe hypercalcemia and other complications of hyperparathyroidism.
Physical Examination
- Physical examination of patients with hyperparathyroidism is usually unremarkable.
- Patients may have physical findings due to severe hypercalcemia and other complications of hyperparathyroidism.
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with hyperparathyroidism usually appear well.
Vital Signs
- Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
- High blood pressure may be present due to hypercalcemia and renal failure
Skin
- Perisitent itching may be present due to renal failure
HEENT
- Patients with severe hypercalcemia may have:
- Band keratopathy (calcium precipitation in a horizontal band across the cornea in the palpebral aperture); may lead to vision impairement
Lungs
- Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
- Dyspnea due to fluid overload form renal failure
Cardiovasvular
- Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
- Palpitations due to arrhythmias
- Shortened QT interval
- Chest pain due to fluid overload form renal failure
- Rales and S3 due to fluid overload form renal failure
Abdomen
- Patients with hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Anorexia
- Fecal impaction (from constipation)
- Epigastric pain and tenderness due to development of pancreatitis
- Flank pain and tenderness due to nephrolithiasis
Genitourinary
- Patients with severe hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
- Alteration in urinary habits
- Volume depletion
- Signs of renal failure
Neuromuscular
- Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time.
- Patients with severe hypercalcemia and other complications may have:
- Anxiety
- Fatigue and weakness due to renal failure
- Lethargy
- Sleep disturbances
- Muscle twitch and cramps
- Signs of depression
- Confusion
- Memory disturbances
- Hypotonia
- Hyporeflexia
- Paresis
- Coma
Extremities
- Swelling of feet and ankles due to renal failure
- Arthralgia due to bone resoprtion